The Study And Application Of Ranging Method Based On The UWB Techniques

Civil engineering monitoring measurement is a necessary means to ensure efficiency and safety of engineering project.With the increase in the number of engineering operations under complex environment,the existing civil engineering monitoring measurement methods have gradually exposed their limitations.In recent years,the rapid development of ultra-wideband technology has provided a new solution to this problem.However,compared with the requirements of engineering measurement and monitoring,the accuracy of this new technology in practical application is still low and there are few studies on the effect of this technology application under civil engineering environment.In view of the above-mentioned problems,this paper carried out research on this method that improves the accuracy of UWB in the theoretical aspect,and carried out experiments that explore the effect and practical value of UWB technology application under different civil engineering environments.The main work is as follows:(1)The error sources based on arrival time ranging method and the error characteristics of UWB outdoor measurement data were analyzed.In view of the influence of clock drift,an improved symmetrical bilateral bidirectional ranging algorithm was proposed,which can control the ranging error of clock drift within centimeters and even below.For measuring data of non-gaussian colored noise characteristics,multidimensional data processing algorithm was proposed based on the extrapolation fitting and particle filter through experimental comparison and analysis,the algorithm error of original data can be reduced by 30% ~ 50%.At the same time,this method can significantly reduce data discreteness compared with the classical Kalman filter algorithm,which has better such as data processing effect.(2)The static and dynamic ranging experiments using UWB technology were carried out in the tunnel and the bridge environment,respectively.The data showed that the original measurement data had better real-time performance but the maximum error was up to 20 cm with gross error.After being processed by the multidimensional processing algorithm proposed in this paper,the measurement error can be controlled within 10 cm,the gross error can be eliminated and the data smoothness can be improved,which proved that the UWB ranging technology had a certain application space in the civil engineering environment.(3)The UWB ranging technology was applied to monitor the operation state of the tower crane in practical civil engineering.Through comparative analysis of the monitoring data,the maximum ranging error of the original data was 13 cm.At the same time,gross errors will occur in the operation process of the tower crane.After being processed by the multidimensional processing algorithm proposed in this paper,the maximum ranging error reduced to 8cm,the ranging accuracy was improved by 30%,the gross error was eliminated,and the motion state parameters of a certain monitored structure can be extracted by using this measurement data.It was verified that the multidimensional processing technology proposed in this paper can provide theoretical and technical support for UWB technology in large deformation or real-time motion monitoring in civil engineering.