| Forest parks are an important part of urban construction.They have unique resource advantages and can satisfy people’s desire to return to nature.Therefore,how to make use of the original advantages of forest parks to create a landscape that combines humanities with nature is very important.This study takes Shaoguan National Forest Park as the research object,analyses the current landscape situation of the park,combines the formal beauty principle with the theoretical research of forest parks at home and abroad,and draws lessons from the practical experience of the application of formal beauty principle in forest parks at home and abroad,explores the ideas,contents and methods of forest landscape planning,applies the formal beauty principle theory in landscape design,and puts forward the corresponding landscape planning strategy.The main findings are as follows:1.The related concepts of “Formal Beauty Principle” and “Forest Park” are elaborated.The formal beauty principle mainly includes: change and unity,rhythm and aroma,contrast and harmony,symmetry and balance,proportion and scale.2.The research and practice of landscape design theory and formal beauty principle in forest parks at home and abroad are fruitful.This study summarizes the development of history and the different concerns of different scholars,divides the landscape design theory of forest parks into ecological and aesthetic aspects,establishes the importance of the relationship between human and nature from the related theories of ecology,and has great guidance for the application of the formal aesthetic principle in this study from the related theories of aesthetics.3.Through the analysis of five successful cases of Beijing Future Science City Waterfront Forest Park,Zhejiang Qingshan Lake National Forest Park,Australian Canberra National Botanical Garden,Finland Nuuksio Forest Park and Shaohua Mountain Forest Park,it is found that these parks all pay attention to form.The application of the US principle applies the forms of change and unity,symmetry and balance,contrast and harmony,rhythm and aroma to the creation of natural landscapes and human landscape spaces,which fully reflects the landscape characteristics of forest parks,which are closely combined with natural beauty,ecological beauty and landscape beauty.4.In the landscape design of Shaoguan National Forest Park,the design principle is regional,biodiversity,landscape and ecology,and the design theme is “Zen forest recreation-growing forest park”,which is divided into three functional zones: Mountain Forest Resort zone,experience amusement zone and Zen culture zone according to the current situation and functional requirements.Landscape design makes full use of the theory of formal beauty to create ecological,functional and cultural needs on the basis of the formation of ecological and aesthetic landscape space.The use of formal beauty principle includes five aspects:(1)The principle of symmetry and balance is applied to the north entrance of the park.It lacks aesthetics for the current space,the volume and level of the entrance landscape are innovated and transformed,so that the entrance landscape has a visually balanced aesthetic.(2)The principle of contrast and harmony is applied in the beautiful flower creek,and the color and lines of the plants are used to transform it to make it more beautiful.(3)The principle of rhythm and aroma is applied in the glass trestle road and park landscape plants throughout the park.The elevation difference between mountains and valleys is used to set up glass trestle road to provide “scenery window” and glass trestle road to form a rhythmic continuous landscape.The forest vegetation is cultivated and improved along the park garden road,and the regular changes of the vegetation with the seasons bring rhythm and aroma to the quiet mountain forest.(4)The principle of proportion and scale is applied to the mountain forest resorts.According to the existing terrain height difference,the appropriate proportion is selected to set up sunken square,which provides a comfortable outdoor sports venue for tourists.(5)The principle of change and unity is applied to public facilities in parks.Considering the integration with the surrounding environment,the colors can be different.Public facilities with different functions can be designed with the same materials and similar forms to achieve the overall change and unification. |
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