The Experimental Study On The Evaluation Of Escape Ability Of Virtual Subway Fire And Its Influencing Factors

The subway system is a place with dense population,large passenger flow and relatively closed environment.It is extremely easy to cause a large number of casualties and property losses when a fire occurs in station.At the same time,the main buildings of the subway station are mostly underground buildings with complex and diverse environments.The difficulty of rescue and evacuation will be much greater than that of fire of the ground buildings during the occurrence of fire in subway station.Therefore,it is necessary to study the evacuation of people in subway station fire,and it is also crucial to find out which factors can affect the escape ability of people in subway fire.In this paper,based on the international and domestic literature research of escape in subway station fire,we used virtual reality technology to design an ability evaluation system in virtual subway station fire.Based on Zijingshan station,the transfer station of Zhengzhou Metro Line 1 and Line 2,a 1:1 virtual metro station is built in this system,in which flame and smoke are added to the scene to create the fire effect.A calculation formula is designed to quantify the escape ability of participants,and the escape ability of personnel can be quantitatively rated in this system.Finally,32 participants aged 19-21 years were evaluated on the ability to escape from the virtual subway fire,and the physiological data(skin conductance(SC),heart rate(HR))and questionnaire data were collected.Based on the data analysis,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)A calculation formula for quantifying the escape ability of participants is proposed,which can realize quantifying the escape ability of personnel.In this age group(19-21 years old),the scores of escape ability were significantly different in gender(P < 0.05).(2)DISC type can affect the escape ability of the participants,although there was no significant difference between them(P > 0.05).People with Dominant(D)style have worse escape ability in fire than other types of people;people with Compliant(C)style have the highest escape ability in face-to-face emergencies and can escape quickly.(3)There was no significant difference in the growth rate of SC and HR(P > 0.05).The growth rate of skin conductivity in women was higher than that in men,and the growth rate of heart rate in men was slightly higher than that in women.There was no significant difference between HR growth rate and SC growth rate in DISC style(P > 0.05).