Research On The Effectiveness Of Head-up-displays Warning System Based On User Research And Simulated Driving

The invention of vehicles brings much convenience to people's life.However,it accompanies with the severe problem of traffic safety.Many people are injured and even lose their lives in traffic accidents due to their failures to react to the dangerous event each year.Therefore,designing effective warning systems is of great significance to improve driving safety.The head up display(HUD)is an emerging mode of graphics warning,which is able to present visual information quickly,and effectively reduce drivers' distraction and visual line switching.Hence,the driving warning system based on HUDs is considered to have the potential to improve driving safety in the future.In the present study,we first adopted the questionnaire investigation to study people's willingness to use the driving warning system as well as their preference for various graphic waring content.Then combined with the eye tracking technology,a simulated driving experiment was carried to investigate the advantage of HUD warning technology in improving driving performance and its potential advantage in attention allocation.Moreover,we further explored the effect of different HUD locations on the attention allocation and driving performance.This study aims to provide some references for the design of driving warning systems as well as the facilitation of automobile safetyThere were two researches in the present study.In Research 1,we collected 218 valid questionnaires on the internet to investigate people's willingness to use the driving warning system and their subjective effectiveness,trust,and acceptance ratings on eight various graphic warning content.Research 1 laid the foundation for the latter simulated driving studies.Research 2 included two experiments.In experiment 1,a simulated driving study was carried to verify the advantage of the HUD warning system in improving driving performance and drivers' internal attention allocation pattern in comparison with the traditional head down display(HDD)warning system.To further improve human-computer interaction efficiency of the HUD warning system,Experiment 2 further conducted a simulated driving study to investigate the effect of the location of HUD warning message on the attention allocation and driving performance.The main conclusions of the present study are as follow:(1)people had a positive willingness to use driving warning systems.And when the warning message was the type+location+motor direction information of the hazard,the participants' assessment on the effectiveness,trust and acceptance of the warning system were all the best.(2)compared with the HDD warning system,the HUD warning systems could significantly enhance driving performance and reduce collision risks,and was more preferred by drivers.Besides,the HUD warning system was able to significantly reduce the interval between the onset of the warning and the first glance at the warning message(glance onset latency),and the blindness to the warning message.(3)presenting HUD warning graphics at a location of 8° below the sight line was associated with the worst results in driving performance,attention allocation and subjective assessment.Other locations of HUD presentation were not associated with any significant differences for most indicators.