Research On Urban Road Traffic Congestion Pricing Based On Gini Coefficient

With the rapid development of the economy,people's economic level has increased rapidly,economic activities have become more frequent,traffic demand has also increased,and the mismatch between traffic supply and traffic demand has led to traffic congestion.Congestion during rush hours has become the most common phenomenon in our daily life.Resource loss,environmental pollution,even the economic loss caused by traffic congestion directly have become one of the most concerned issues in society.How to alleviate the phenomenon of traffic congestion and improve the utilization rate of resources need to be solved urgently,and it is also one of the important measures for implementing sustainable development.Congestion pricing is the use of economic leverage to regulate and guide traffic demand.When people travel,they will choose the appropriate route and travel mode based on their own needs and travel costs.The congestion toll introduced in this article is to make travellers think about their own travel costs by congestion tolling.After travellers make decisions,choose a path that meets their needs,it can realize the traffic flow diversion,the rational assignment,and the efficient uses of road resources.The Gini coefficient is determined based on the traffic flow assignment of travellers with various time value on congested roads under different congestion charging conditions,and represents the fairness of congestion charges to travellers.Firstly,the paper introduces the basic theory related to congestion pricing and traffic fairness,and then based on that the expected travel costs on travelers with different time value are different from the actual travel costs.So the fairness of congestion charging needs to be different between different travelers.The Gini coefficient is determined by implementing the traffic assignment of different types of travelers on congested toll roads to determine the fairness of congested tolls.There is a two-level planning model,the upper layer is for managers that adds Gini coefficient control to the maximum benefit and the lower layer is a random user equilibrium model,describing the relationship between the traffic system manager and the travellers.What's more,the paper designs the solving algorithm.Finally,the paper designs an example with a simple road network to verify the model.MATLAB software is used in combination with the MSA algorithm to solve the problem and the results are analyzed to further prove the validity and feasibility of the model.From the results,it can be shown that within the appropriate congestion charging range,managers can determine the level of fairness according to the size of the Gini coefficient,and choose the amount of charges corresponding to the Gini coefficient,which affects the rational assignment of traffic flow and alleviate congestion,and realize that the manager 's benefits are as large as possible and consistent with Fairness requirements.In addition,according to the results of the researchanalysis,some difficulties and suggestions for implementing congestion charging are enumerated,and the shortcomings of this paper and the future research directions are pointed out.