Research On Bus Network Optimization Considering Comfort In Vehicle-road Collaborative Environment

In recent years,due to the rapid increase in the urban population,the city’s existing bus line network is increasingly unable to meet people’s daily travel needs.In order to achieve the balance of supply and demand of the bus network,optimizing the existing bus network is one of the important ways to solve the problem.However,in the process of optimizing the bus network,decision makers and planners often only consider the economy of travel and the superiority of travel time,but ignore the people’s requirements for space comfort.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the optimization of the bus line network considering comfort.This paper firstly analyzes the research status and development trend of the optimization of the bus network at home and abroad,summarizes and analyzes the mode,method,goal,principle and influencing factors of the optimization of the bus network.Secondly,it deeply analyzes the current status and degree of congestion in the bus The impact on the choice of passenger travel mode,and the degree of congestion in the car is divided into three levels:non-crowded,congested and very congested,which establishes the functional relationship between the density of seats in the car and the value of the congested time;Of OD travel needs,considering the comfort of passenger travel,established the cost of bus operation,passenger travel cost(walking time cost,waiting time cost,transfer time cost and in-vehicle running time cost)and the congestion cost in the car.The optimal model of the bus system with the minimum as the objective function and the bus line length,line departure frequency and vehicle capacity as the constraints.The two-stage algorithm combining Dijkstra’s algorithm and improved genetic algorithm was used to solve,and the following main research conclusions were obtained:(1)The Mandl’s Swiss network is selected to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the model built in this paper.The results show that the effect of the bus line network optimized by the model built in this paper has been significantly improved;(2)The model solving algorithm designed in this paper is used to solve the bus line network optimization model without considering and considering comfort,respectively,and the optimal bus line network scheme in two cases is obtained.The results show that the system cost obtained by the two optimization models The difference is not large,but the passenger travel cost obtained by using the optimization model considering comfort is greatly reduced,the departure frequency of the line bus vehicles is more uniform,and the matching models of the obtained lines are mostly medium-sized vehicles,ensuring the full utilization of the bus vehicles;(3)The optimization model considering comfort level The maximum seat density in the car after optimization is 4.5 people/m~2,which is in the non-crowded class range;the maximum seat density in the car is 8 people/m~2 when the comfort degree is not considered The seat density is already in a very crowded level range,which fully proves that the optimization method in this paper guarantees passenger comfort under the condition of little difference in system cost,which is in line with the people-oriented concept,and shows the effectiveness and superiority of this optimization method.