Analysis Of Price Game Between Urban Railway And Bus

As the main transportation means,urban rail transit(URT)and bus play an important role in satisfying the daily travel of urban residents and regulating the passenger flow of public transportation in the urban areas.The optimization of urban public transport fares is an effective way to regulate the residents travel.A scientific and reasonable fare policy will balance passenger flow and reduce traffic congestion,which will improve urban residents' travel efficiency and promote the development of the city's economy.This article studied the competitive pricing between URT and bus from the perspective of game.In terms of theoretical research,the relevant factors of urban public transport fare formulation were analyzed from four aspects: technical and economic characteristics,ticket structure,pricing principles,and influencing factors.The basic concepts,common models of game theory and a two-level planning model with solution ideas were introduced.In terms of urban residents' travel choices,the main travel modes of urban residents were classified from two aspects of structural level and service providers.The advantages and disadvantages of each transportation and the scope of application were compared and analyzed.Through maximizing utility and minimizing costs,analyzed the factors that affect the generalized costs.The article are different from the traditional five-point method description when quantifying the impact factors,and each impact factor was converted into a value function to get the generalized cost weight value through the corresponding calculation rule.Based on the Logit model,the utility function and generalized cost of urban residents' travel were established,and the passenger's choice probability for each public transportation was given.In terms of model construction,the operating enterprise's maximum revenue was taken as the objective function of the upper-level planning model,the government-restricted minimum fare was the constraint.And the minimum passenger cost was taken as the objective function of the lower-level planning model,the total passenger flow must be the constraint.Thus,a two-level planning game model was established.During the establishment of the operating company's revenue function,operating costs and government subsidies were considered.At the same time,the game process between the URT and bus,operating companies and passengers was analyzed.The revenue of operating companies and fares,public transportation fares and passenger flow were analyzed.The dynamic game model of pricing strategy under complete information conditions were solved by using the sensitivity analysis method of variational inequality,and the specific solution algorithm of the model was given.Finally,taking Lanzhou's URT and bus fare formulation as the background,according to the current urban public transportation profile and passenger flow status in Lanzhou,the parameters in the two-level planning model were calibrated.Using MATLAB analysis software,the equilibrium solution of public transport fares was obtained,which verifies the applicability of the sensitivity solving method of the bilevel programming model to public transport pricing problems.According to the fare pricing strategy,the ticket structure of Lanzhou's URT and bus were given,which provides reference for the pricing decision of the URT and bus.