Experimental Study Of Two-axis Controlled Solar Automatic Tracking System

Solar energy,as a hot spot in the development of new energy,has received more and more attention in recent years.The use of solar energy to replace traditional energy work has penetrated into various industries in daily life,and the use of solar energy can achieve sustainable development of energy.However,the current level of solar energy utilization is low,and it is impossible to maximize the use of its energy.Therefore,how to improve the utilization rate of solar energy is the current main research direction.In view of this problem,a hybrid solar automatic tracking control system combining calendar tracking and image processing is designed in this subject.The main work contents are as follows:1.The overall scheme of solar automatic tracking control system design is proposed.An ARM processor and a Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)are used as the control core,a hybrid tracking method combining calendar tracking and image processing tracking is used to realize the automatic tracking of the sun by the Stirling dish rack.The system initially uses the Solar Position Algorithm(SPA)to achieve rough tracking of the sun.When the solar spot enters the field of view of the camera,a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor(CMOS)image sensor is used to collect the solar image and feedback to the ARM processor to calculate the solar tracking angle error.The PLC controller controls the motors to rotate the dish rack to achieve high-precision tracking of the solar based on the acquired error angle.2.The hardware and software designs of the solar automatic tracking control system are given.The content of the hardware design includes the overall design of the system hardware,calendar tracking module,image processing module,motor actuator module,and regulation module.The performance and circuit design of industrial control devices such as PLC controller,algorithm program block of the TIA Portal software platform,the image processing algorithm written by the Qt Creator software based on Linux system,and the software design of the host computer monitoring interface.3.The experimental platform of solar automatic tracking control system is designed.Long-term experimental monitoring is carried out to achieve image and data collections of the running process.The monitoring results show that the data acquisition function and control function of the host computer are normal,the dish rack can run stably for a long time,and the overall tracking accuracy of the solar automatic tracking control system can reach ±0.05°.Through theoretical introduction and experimental verification,this paper proves that the designed hybrid tracking system combining calendar tracking and image processing can not only solve the problem that image processing tracking cannot work properly in cloudy weather,but also eliminate the cumulative error generated by calendar tracking.Therefore,the solar tracking accuracy and running stability are effectively improved.