The Design Of Biaxial Independent Automatic Solar Tracking Control System

As a new clean energy, solar energy has taken worldwide attention. At present, the main reasons that impact the popularity of solar energy are high cost but low photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, how to improve solar energy's utilization rate is the key for solar energy industry. In China, most photovoltaic battery's installation is fixed, so there is no guarantee for real-time vertical solar radiation. And solar energy resources cannot be fully used. The automatic solar tracking system can track the sun to receive more solar radiation energy, so this system can improve the output power of photovoltaic panels. Therefore, this technology can be widely used in various solar tracking devices.Firstly, this paper analyzes and studies the working principles of solar cells and designs the operation scheme of this automatic tracking system. This system selects AT89S52 as the core processing chip and designs solar charge controller based on an intelligent chip for Lead-acid batteries charge control (UC3906). Besides, this system uses photoelectric sensors to determine solar position and selects 85BYGH450A stepping motor as the actuator to design this independent PV power generation system with automatic sun-tracking function.The whole system completely relies on its own solar power generation without any external power source supply. When the sun light is sufficient, this system can make photovoltaic cell track the sun automatically and always maintain the surface of PV cells perpendicular to solar radiation. As a result, the power generation efficiency of PV cells is improved. In low-light conditions, such as the rainy day or night, this tracking system will stop working to reduce energy consumption. The experimental results show that compared to fixed installation mode, this solar power generation system with automatic tracking control can improve the efficiency about 30%.