Study On Solar Automatic Tricking System

The photovoltaic industry is increasingly booming, however, the current conversion efficiency of photovoltaic application system is quite low, which has a serious influence on photovoltaic industry. The use of solar tracking technology can greatly improve solar energy conversion efficiency, so the thesis have studied the solar tracking control system and designed seven-point automatic tracking solar locator system to improve solar energy conversion efficiency. The thesis has described the working principle of seven-point locator and its precision as well. Based on the analysis, the thesis have derived the control model and the transfer function of seven-point solar locator tracking system which is featured by the wide tracking range, simple structure and easy control.To meet the performance requirements of the solar tracking system, the thesis has redesigned the mechanical and controlling parts of the Single-Chip Microcomputer (SCM).The mechanical part is driven by stepping motor with the gear revolving to track vertical angle and azimuth. The device has a limit switch, when hits the limit switch upon resetting every day, SCM will receive the signal to stop the revolving of the stepping motor. As for the controlling part, its software and hardware has been redesigned and done a joint debugging, it can real-time collect the information of speed sensor, seven-point locator and time, also display the time.To protect the device from damage, wind speed sensor is set, when wind speed reaches eight and lasts over 5 minutes, the system does not track. When wind speed decreases below or has stopped for more than 5 minutes, the system restores tracking.The control mode, combining comparative control mode with clock, limits the tracking time which can be rewritten with the help of the software on the different regions. Seven-point solar locator first collects the light irradiation. If the amount of light radiation is greater than the set value, comparative control model will be used to track. Otherwise, Clock model will be used. These two tracking model will automatically switch and interact with each other. The tracking system has no such shortcomings as vulnerability to weather and error accumulation and can do tracking within the specified time. It has improved the utilization rate of solar energy, saved the energy, and lowered the cost. Therefore, it can be widely used in solar photovoltaic power generation system and will have a good application value in the future.