Research And Application Of Numerical Model Of Dam-break Flood

China has the largest number of dams in the world.Reservoirs built on dams can not only play the role of flood control and disaster reduction,but also can use water resources efficiently and play the role of water supply and power generation.In order to fully realize the economic benefits,the reservoir is often maintained at a high water level.While protecting the downstream,the reservoir also becomes a potential source of danger.The causes of dam breaks are complex,and no matter what kind of dam breaks will cause huge downstream life and property safety hazards.In the era of emphasizing "people-oriented",it is necessary to pay attention to the problem of dam-break floods and avoid disasters as much as possible.In order to avoid or reduce the downstream damage caused by dam-break floods,the work should be carried out in both prevention and post-disaster emergency.The prevention aspect can be carried out from the aspects of detecting the performance of various indicators of the dam body,flood forecasting,and the establishment of an effective early warning mechanism for dam failure.The post-disaster emergency can be based on experiments or numerical calculations to establish a plan for the downstream dam-flood flooding area,and the masses transfer and disaster relief work can be pre-practiced and arranged.At present,numerical simulation is the mainstream of researches on dam-break floods.Establishing a numerical model saves time and effort,and can flexibly choose simulation conditions.The dam-break flood problem can be attributed to the shallow water problem.However,the vertical velocity of the rupture is large,and the unfavorable working conditions such as downstream bends and obstacles still require a three-dimensional numerical structure to calculate.In the HydroInfo software,the three-dimensional shallow water equation is vertically extended to obtain three-dimensional free water surface module of the shallow water control equation has both the practicality of prevention of the two-dimensional shallow water equation and the three-dimensional structural characteristics of the fluid.Good results can be obtained in the vertical 3-5 layers.In this paper,the classic dam break test,actual terrain model and FLOW3 D calculation results are compared and verified,and it shows that it can meet the calculation accuracy requirements.Based on the actual topography of the Yingnahe Reservoir,this article uses HydroInfo to establish a three-dimensional numerical model of dam failure,establish a holistic hydrodynamic model of the dam body upstream and downstream,and verify the applicability of the model based on the actual flood control process.According to the engineering characteristics,the flood evolution process of two dam-break conditions is simulated,and important water regime information such as submerged time,range,duration,and submerged water depth is obtained,and the flood feature information is listed through the downstream feature points,which could provide numerical values for downstream flood control decisions reference.