Research On Coverage Deployment Method Of Uav Air Base Stations

The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)has the characteristics of low cost,high maneuverability,and easy operation,the UAV mounted base station(UAV-BS)can be used as an air base station to provide communication services for ground users in different emergency environments.The UAV-BS can not only shunt the business of nearby ground base stations in the hotspot area and improve the access rate;it can also meet the requirements of quickly recovering the communication in the disaster area.The coverage and power of a single UAV-BS are limited,and cooperation of multiple UAV-BSs can provide services for a larger range and more ground users.This paper studies the coverage deployment method of multiple UAV-BS in two different situations of disaster relief and temporary hot spots.The research contents of this article are as follows:(1)For the air-to-ground channel model when the UAV-BS communicates with ground users,this paper first studies the impact of the UAV-BS coverage radius and height on the deployment performance of the UAV-BS,thus guiding the later UAV-BS Deployment work.(2)This article discusses the deployment of a certain number of UAV-BSs randomly in a disaster rescue scenario,with full coverage as the goal,and proposes a network coverage method for UAV-BSs based on relative distance.UAV-BSs sense three kinds of relative distances and do not need central control to form a base station network and provide area coverage for the mission area.The simulation results show that the coverage of this method is 22.4%higher than that of random deployment,and it is 9.9%,4.7%,and 2.1%higher than those of similar VFON algorithm,CBS algorithm,and HLVFA algorithm.(3)This paper discusses the three-dimensional deployment method of UAV-BSs based on cyclic k-means algorithm in order to minimize power when temporary hot spots occur,taking into account the UAV-BS's load capacity.Unlike ground base stations,this method involves the height deployment of each UAV-BS.Finally,the number and three-dimensional position of UAV-BSs required to serve all users on the ground are obtained.Simulation results show that the cyclic k-means method proposed in this paper can be adapted to different user distributions,and reduces the number of required UAV-BSs compared to the existing divide-and-conquer method,and secondly makes full use of the energy of each UAV-BS.In summary,this paper studies the coverage and deployment strategies of UAV-BSs in different emergency scenarios,and has guiding significance for the three-dimensional deployment of UAV-BSs.