| Dadu river system network developed,Tonghui River,Ba River,Jinkou River,Jinshui River,Sorghum River have been in this land brilliant flow,in the construction of metropolis city plays an important role.At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty,Cao Xishan wood and stone contributed to the construction of the palace.Guo Shoujing reopened Jinkou River,which was successfully operated for 29 years on the basis of repeated failures in the Jin Dynasty,meeting the needs of the peak period of capital construction.Later,the jade Spring water was introduced into the city and flowed through more than 10 people’s square,which became the main source of water for Dadu Palace garden and the great practice of ecological corridor in early cities.In order to meet the increasing demand of grain transport,Guo Shoujing renovated the Dam river on the basis of The Jin Cao.he fully exploited and utilized the water source in the western suburbs of Beijing,and opened the Tonghui River to the water from Baifuweng Mountain in Changping,thus realizing the navigation of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the canal transport system in parallel with the dam river.It can be said that most water system planning is a magnificent page in the manual of water control in ancient China.Although water conservancy has been continuously improved for thousands of years,the complete water conservancy system was formed in the Yuan Dynasty,and its brilliant water conservancy achievements can be regarded as the regulations of a generation.Complete water system conditions,formed the capital inside and outside,the scene of densely covered pools,for the construction of most gardens laid a good ecological foundation,for the garden water diversion provides convenience.Within the imperial city,the royal family built the imperial garden in the area of Banzai Mountain--Taiye Pond.Outside the imperial city,the imperial Buddhist Temple was built,the irrigation canal of The Sorghum River was diverted,and the Xishan waterway was built.In terms of private gardens,the nobles,officials and gentry mostly chose to build gardens around the water in the outskirts of the city.Garden in temples,compatible and religious policies helped yuan dynasty temple garden flourish,and has many former generation sites spread south,and gradually formed the north and the south city,temples,rob capital throughout the large and small bazaars,inside and outside formation around the drainage distribution business,gardens,brake,local-style dwelling houses of urban water system landscape pattern.So looking at the whole city,the construction of gardens is closely related to the development of urban water system.Taking the urban water system planning of Dadu city as the background and the relationship among the city,water system and garden in Dadu region as the research object,this study explores the distribution and interaction between the water system of Dadu city and the city and the garden.Firstly,through the excavation of relevant historical data and archaeological data,this paper sorts out the relevant contents of urban construction and water system planning.Among them,urban construction is summarized from the three aspects of urban site selection,urban layout,street system and spatial area,and the water system systematically sorts out the spatial flow direction and planning and construction process of four rivers including Jinkou,Jinshui,Tonghui,Bahe and three ponds including accumulative pool,Taiye pool and Wengshan park.On this basis,the paper discusses the influence of most water system planning on urban construction,and concludes that most water system planning is always carried out around urban construction,serving the city,and the city is born because of water.Secondly,dadu gardens are divided into four categories: royal garden,private garden,temple garden and temple garden for statistics.Restoration research and deduction methods are used to locate gardens in urban space and draw dadu gardens distribution map.The distribution characteristics of all kinds of gardens are summarized as follows: the imperial garden "has one President and two suburbs are divided";Private gardens "suburban southeast and west,along the river cluster";Temple garden "is the most scenic,Rob two cities." Temple garden "inside and outside the city,symmetrical distribution".Then,combined with the streamlines of water systems in cities,the distribution relationship between gardens and water systems was summarized: The imperial gardens were distributed in the western and southern suburbs of the imperial city and the outer suburbs,mostly along the Sorghum River and Jinshui River.Private gardens are mainly distributed outside the city,near liangshui River and Tonghui River.Temple garden in the two cities,mostly along the Sorghum River,Tonghui River,Jinshui River zonal distribution;The distribution of Temple gardens is not closely related to water system.Then,this paper selects three typical water areas inside and outside Dadu city to discuss the relationship between park water and analyzes the relationship between park water environment,space and sight.In the end,the relationship between garden and water system is discussed mainly from two aspects: on the one hand,water system influences garden in water conservancy engineering,garden activities,garden traffic and the influence of water system changes on garden;On the other hand,urban water system is more colorful due to the construction of gardens,which reflects the benign interaction between most water systems and gardens.Today to talk about the city and the water system,water system and the botanical garden,the relationship between back hundreds of years ago the city history,seemingly pedantic,but read ancient books,the income is not only a thing or two,to explore the water system planning and urban construction,the relationship between the water system and landscape distribution,more complete Beijing jinyuan period of formation water system planning,urban construction and landscape construction of knowledge,understanding of garden water relations. |
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