Design And Research Of Photovoltaic-fuel Cell Composite Power Management Circuit

At present,China has entered the era of artificial intelligence.The arrival of new energy brings new opportunities and challenges to conventional power supply and wireless sensor network.Wireless sensor nodes are numerous and small in size,and frequent replacement of batteries is impractical.The waste and recycling of traditional batteries is also easy to cause environmental pollution.How to efficiently collect and transform new energy to supply power of sensor nodes is the key to low power design of wireless sensor networks.In this thesis,a low voltage self-actuating composite power management circuit is proposed from three aspects of the theoretical simulation,the circuit design and the system test.Firstly,starting from the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells,lithium cells and micro fuel cells,PV model is established and integrated management strategy which is built by a composite power management system simulation model with an input power of 200 m W.The simulation results show that the system model can quickly respond to the change of environmental factors and has stable endurance.In combination with the simulation data and the power demand of each sensor node,according to the circuit structure design of energy collection,storage and conversion,the management circuit of low-voltage startup power is built by using the digital logic control design method,with photovoltaic cell as the starting source and micro-fuel cell as the backup power.Then,according to the specificity of the composite energy,the composite management of the multi-channel energy flow within the system is completed,and the switching arbitration between the power sources under different lighting environments is completed.By improving the circuit structure,on-board lithium ion battery and modifying the micro-rectangular J32H-21ZK-I interface to meet the current carryed demand,the optimized board integration increased by 24.26% and the overall height decreased by 50%.Finally,the system test and simulation comparison verify the accuracy of the simulation model.According to the test,the average charged energy storage efficiency of the system is 39.8%,the output efficiency of the system is 77.48%,and the lowest self-starting energy collection is 380 m V.It basically achieves the design goal of photovoltaic and fuel cell composite management circuit for lowvoltage starting,and has strong energy autonomy.The final photovoltaic and fuel cell composite management circuit solves the problem of weak self-starting energy,effectively extends the system battery life with fuel cells,improves the adaptability of the system in extreme environments,and provides power guarantee for the long-term unattended nodes of self-powered wireless equipments.