Optimal Dispatching Of Electric Vehicles Based On Smart Contract

In recent years,with the gradual depletion of fossil energy,electric vehicles,with its clean and efficient characteristics,are an important way to reduce the dependence of fossil energy and alleviate air pollution.Their advantages in energy conservation,emission reduction and environmental protection are becoming more and more obvious.With the support of the national new energy policy,the number of electric vehicles has increased significantly,and a large number of electric vehicle loads have been connected It brings great challenges to the safe operation of power system and the planning and operation of power grid.For the distribution network with electric vehicles,on the one hand,with the gradual increase of the penetration rate of electric vehicles,its unconstrained or unguided electricity consumption behavior is not conducive to the power balance control of the distribution network,and even causes network congestion.On the other hand,the block chain smart contract technology is introduced to dynamically adjust the price of electricity in the calculation cycle,so as to reduce the deviation between the predicted load and the actual load.In addition,rewards and penalties will be given according to the achievement of smart contract between users and charging stations,so as to reduce the default rate of users.In addition,in the face of the growing number of charging piles,the privacy protection and transaction security of decentralized power transaction need to be solved.Blockchain technology provides a new solution for distributed resource storage,data protection and historical traceability,which can Ensure the storage security and traceability of all historical data.Therefore,how to solve the problem of power grid transmission congestion and guide the electric vehicle to charge at fixed point in order has become the main problem of this paper.Firstly,this paper introduces the congestion adjustment strategy of EV charging response,and proposes a congestion pricing model based on power sensitivity.First of all,the paper introduces the congestion management model of distribution network,expounds the interactive mode of charging facility operator,distribution network control center and vehicle owner,calculates the sensitivity matrix of active power injected from load point to active power change of branch,makes the optimal compensation scheme,and dynamically formulates the congestion price for users according to the compensation scheme,and guides the electricity In order to realize the adjustment of power grid congestion and the goal of load peak shaving and valley filling,a group of motor vehicles are charged.Secondly,this paper proposes a block chain based optimal scheduling method for electric vehicles,which can predict the short-term power flow of the distribution network through power flow calculation,formulate the price according to the power sensitivity of the electric vehicle charging station node to the overload line,and introduce the block chain smart contract to adjust the price according to the number of charging vehicles in each charging station,so as to reduce the actual load and the predicted load The gap between.In this method,users respond to the charging decision,select the appropriate charging station to submit the electricity demand,and the charging station can obtain the charging information of users,so as to improve the accuracy of the information source.In addition,if a smart contract is concluded between the user and the selected charging station,if the user completes the contract within the specified time,a certain amount of reward will be obtained,otherwise the owner's account will automatically deduct the corresponding liquidated damages.To a certain extent,it reduces the default rate of users and increases the response sensitivity of the guide price to the line power flow adjustment.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed charging decision-making method based on the blockchain smart contract is verified.The coupling area of network node and distribution network node is used to analyze the proposed method.In order to verify the effect of electric vehicle participating in the congestion management,the cluster electric vehicle charging simulation experiment is set up.At the same time,the charging load curve of electric vehicle and the load curve of each charging station in one day are given in two scenarios.The probability of voltage exceeding the limit is compared by using the method of stochastic power flow calculation based on the semi invariant method.It is proved that the method proposed in this paper not only solves the distribution network congestion,but also embodies the potential of electric vehicle as a schedulable resource The reasonable scheduling of its charging demand is conducive to the stable operation of the system.