Driving Mechanism And Layout Optimization Of Rural Settlement Space In The Yellow River Estuary Based On Quality Of Life

With the proposal of the rural vitalization strategy and the rapid development of new urbanization,higher requirements have been placed on the reconstruction of rural governance system and rural space.With the continuous improvement of the income level of rural residents,people’s demand for life has shifted from adequate food and clothing,well-off to the pursuit of quality of life and high-quality life.The stage of social development in pursuit of quality of life has gradually emerged.How to build a rural settlement space that can effectively improve the quality of life through the spatial organization of rural settlements,so that rural settlements not only become an important fulcrum to solve the "village disease",but also gradually develop into a charming and ecologically livable happy home.It is the key problem to be solved urgently in the study of rural geography and the practice of new rural construction.Guided by improving the quality of life of rural residents,this study takes Kenli District of Dongying City,which is a typical representative in the Yellow River Estuary,as the research object.Firstly,through the DBSCAN algorithm,the landscape metrics and the POI geospatial data,this study analyzes the scale and shape of rural settlements,landscape pattern as well as the evolution rule of quality of life in Kenli District.Secondly,it explores the driving mechanism of rural settlement evolution in Kenli District from the perspective of quality of life through the BRT algorithm.Thirdly,based on multi-source data,it uses the Baidu map open platform to measure various quality of life indicators,and then obtains the comprehensive quality of life evaluation results through the random forest algorithm.Finally,based on the comprehensive quality of life,this study uses the multi-objective ant colony optimization to obtain the spatial optimization layout results,and points out the specific connection between the spatial optimization results and the village planning.The main conclusions of this study through the above analysis are as follows:(1)There are obvious differences in spatial distribution of rural settlements inKenli District.From 2009 to 2017,the scale of rural settlements in Kenli District increased by 25.51%.The area of newly added rural settlements is up to 1,870.90 hectares,while the area of exiting rural settlements is only 49.22 hectares.The per capita area of rural settlements is as high as 493 square meters per person.The construction of new villages does not demolish old buildings,and the demand of village construction land continues to flourish.The overall landscape of Kenli District is dense in the West and sparse in the East,.The overall spatial form of rural settlements shows a pattern of one main point and three secondary points.It mainly develops in agglomerations along built-up towns and expands around it.About 20%of rural settlements are in a "noise spot" state with poor connection with surrounding settlements,and resources of life quality mainly serve urban residents.(2)The driving mechanism of rural settlement evolution from the perspective of quality of life.The relative driving forces of production,life and ecological quality of life factors are 61.1%,26.7% and 11.7% respectively.Rural production resources provide a driving force for the evolution of rural settlements.Rural life resources are the support for the development of rural settlements.While rural ecological resources have a weak attraction to the evolution of rural settlements,but rural ecological resources will become a growth point for the quality of life of rural residents.The absolute driving force of each quality of life factor changes with distance.With the increase of distance,the driving force changes from a positive influence to a limited influence or even no influence.Each quality of life factor has a limited spatial influence.When it exceeds a certain distance,the rural settlements are no longer affected by it.(3)The quality of life has improved significantly after space optimization.After spatial optimization based on quality of life,the overall quality of life in Kenli District has improved from 0.373 to 0.530.Dongji Town,which had a relatively better comprehensive quality of life before optimization,has improved from 0.562 to 0.752.Huanghekou Town,which had the worst comprehensive quality of life beforeoptimization,also has improved from 0.117 to 0.259 after optimization.After space optimization,the improvement range of each quality of life index in rural settlements is 5.85% to 40.59%.The improvement range of the uniformity of the spatial distribution of each quality of life index in rural settlements is 11.59% to 49.15%.In a word,the quality of life has improved and has tended to be fair and just,the space optimization effect is ideal.