Study On Acoustic Plaque Of Chinese Ancient Opera Stage

The stage,as an important acoustical building for carrying opera performances in ancient times,should not only meet the needs of the development of opera performances,but also meet the audio-visual needs of the gods and the public.The ancient opera stage contains rich and unique acoustic techniques.It is also well-known among the people that some of the stages have excellent acoustic effects,such as " When singing opera in Shanxi province can also be heard in neighboring Shaanxi province "," When singing opera in Xiaohu village,you can also hear it on the wall "," As the old man plowed in the field,he was listening to the opera of Houji village " and so on.Although there are the facts and historical facts about acoustic design or effect in the ancient opera stage,due to the low status of the ancient craftsmen,there is little record of the acoustic technology or function of the ancient opera stage,which in the official history,inscriptions,local chronicles and even in the temple inscriptions.In other words,there are three cognitions about the acoustics of ancient opera stage architecture,the first is that it contains acoustic technology,the second is that its acoustic technology is mostly word of mouth among the folk philosophers,and the third is that its acoustic technology has few relevant documents.In recent years,with the deepening of the empirical study of ancient opera stage acoustics and the clear and complete evolution path of its acoustics technology evolution,the long-term absence of acoustic literature research seriously restricts scholars' comprehensive understanding of Chinese traditional architectural acoustics technology and even architectural acoustics culture,and it is urgent to explore or excavate the acoustic literature of ancient opera stage and study it.It is found that the inscribed tablets of the ancient opera stage is related to the description of sound effect.These descriptions actually express the comprehensive effect of sound source acting on the acoustic components of the stage,rather than just the direct expression of sound effect of sound source.The research shows that these couplets hanging on the stages orcross-piece reveal the ancients' imagination and pursuit of the sound effect of the stage,and direct or indirect guide the evolution direction of the acoustic technology of the ancient opera stage,which is an extremely precious document of the acoustics of the stage.It should be pointed out that,Some words,such as Xiang Che Yun Xiao,E Yun,Jin Sheng Yu Zhen are used frequently,this kind of words is exaggerated and show the ancient people had a certain universality and consistency in their cognition of the sound function and effect of the stage.It is the exaggerated words that activate the tablets sublimating from the material to the spiritual.While inheriting China's excellent traditional acoustic culture,it also deepens its scientific and cultural values.This paper is divided into three parts: the first part is the introduction part,which mainly expounds the research origin,the research method and the research progress of this paper,also analyzes and summarizes the related research results from three aspects,also as the writing basis of this paper.The second part is the main part,the first chapter briefly introduces the origin of the plaque and couplets,and classifies them according to their content and function,which leads to the special category of plaques related to the acoustical effects of the stage(acoustic plaques).In the second chapter,by looking up the definitions and sources of the related words,interprets the acoustic plaques of the ancient opera stage,and divides them into two parts: the volume and the sound quality,and then divides the volume into sound can reach in all directions and can reach the sky,and divides the sound quality into four categories,harmonious rhyme,melodious melody,Prolonged lingering sound and others.The third chapter concludes that the acoustic plaques of the ancient opera stage has large number and wide distribution,repeatability,universality and exaggeration on the basis of a large number of collected literatures.The fourth chapter analyzes the special value of acoustic board couplet from the aspects of science,culture and society.The third part is the conclusion department.Theappendix is the acoustic plaques of the ancient stage,which is based on a large number of documents and many field works.Based on more than 200 newly discovered plaques related to acoustics,this paper tries to dig deep into their acoustic connotations in the context of science,art and history and culture,analyze their characteristics and values,and explain the ancient people's cognition of the acoustic effect of the ancient stage.The deficiency also hopes the person who knows to give is right.