Fire Risk Assessment Of Historic Buildings Based On Brick And Wood Structure

With the development of the society,more and more places attach importance to the cultural relics,and actively strengthen the protection and utilization of cultural relics,so as to develop tourism resources and protect cultural products.There are 123 famous historical and cultural cities,252 famous towns,276 famous villages and 8,630 cultural relic protection units left over from 5000 years of civilization in China.Most of them are wood structure,brick and wood structure,with serious fire hazards.Fire risk assessment of historic buildings has become a hot research topic.Therefore,the research on fire risk of historic buildings is of great significance for better protection of these material and spiritual wealth.First,in order to more accurately the cultural relic building fire risk assessment,based on the xi 'an bell tower,drum tower construction as an example,through field investigation,three months of the relevant information query of literature and expert consultation,identify construct cultural relic building fire risk evaluation index,constructed containing fire hazards,building fire protection,building fire fighting and rescue,fire safety management,fire safety facilities,the five primary index and respectively by their thinning out of 24 secondary indexes of cultural relic building fire risk evaluation index system.Second,by the grey cluster analysis theory and the principle of analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and principal component analysis(PCA)is studied,combined with the advantages and disadvantages of various methods,based on fuzzy grey clustering method to build the cultural relic building fire risk assessment model,and the hierarchical analysis and principal component analysis result of the combination of empowerment is introduced into the model,to calculate the comprehensive weights,combining with the characteristics of cultural relic building fire risk assessment,thecomprehensive building of brick structure of the heritage of the grey clustering method with combination of empowerment method evaluation model.Specific calculation steps for: the application of grey clustering method is calculated for each index correlation,using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and principal component analysis(PCA)calculate the weight of each index respectively,and two kinds of combination weights,get comprehensive weights,then,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to the system from two aspects of correlation degree and weight formula used its corresponding to the level of risk,and with the aid of SPSS data analysis software 22.0dimension reduction processing and analysis,to extract the main influence factors,the results were analyzed to discuss and get the final result.Through the above model study,the author applied this evaluation method to the example of xi 'an bell tower and drum tower,and verified the feasibility of the evaluation model.It is calculated that the gray scale of the risk of xi 'an bell and drum tower is "relatively safe",and the assessment results show that: electricity,fire personnel and fire extinguishing facilities are the most important disaster factors affecting the fire of cultural relics buildings.Therefore,in order to prevent the fire of cultural relics buildings,it is necessary to control the fire from these important factors.