Case Study Of Risk Assessment Technology For Water Intake In Shanghai Based On Drone Monitoring

It is extremely important for urban safety to monitor and assess drinking water sources risks.For a super-large city like Shanghai,the safety and stability of drinking water sources is an important guarantee for economic development and social stability.Since 2018,after the intensive water supply of the four water sources areas has been achieved in Shanghai,in order to cope with the impact of sudden environmental pollution accidents,extreme weather and saltwater intrusion,more than 30 emergency water intakes of waterwork have been reserved for conventional rivers water intake and emergency water intake,the quality of water intake is closely related to the risk source of the river where the water intake is located,so it is necessary to establish effective risk-monitoring technology to identify the risk source of the water intake.At the same time,in order to develop and utilize water resources reasonably and effectively,strengthen the unified dispatch management of water resources,and avoid the phenomenon of using water resources illegally,the Shanghai Water Intake Project also needs to conduct regular technical verification,especially the investigation of unlicensed water intake.Therefore,the improvement of monitoring technology has important strategic significance for urban water supply and abstraction management.The traditional monitoring and identification technology of drinking water sources were satellite remote sensing,online monitoring and manual inspection methods.It had the characteristics of low operating conditions and high flexibility.However,it had low efficiency,long interval monitoring time,and small monitoring range.Due to the shortcomings of the monitoring effect,it cannot effectively reflect the real situation and dynamic changes of the monitored objects in real time.Unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring technology had the characteristics of simple operation,safety and stability,flexible maneuverability,high location accuracy and high image resolution,which met the requirements of monitoring water intake risks.This article focused on drone aerial monitoring,supplemented by camera monitoring with high-resolution lenses and field visits,according to the monitoring process,from basic data collection before monitoring,determination of monitoring personnel and monitoring content,to actual monitoring plan implementation,finally to processing and recognition of aerial images,this paper constructed drone monitoring water intake technical method,which could efficiently and accurately monitor the water intake and water intake risk status.In this paper,the monitoring object was determined based on the characteristics of the emergency backup water intake risk source,and the overall plan of the emergency backup water intake monitoring was designed according to the monitoring process.The author used drone to carry out on-site monitoring of water intakes,surveyed more than 30 emergency standby water intakes in Shanghai,and the cumulative flight time was about 200 minutes.The length of the scanned river was about 80 kilometers,covering about 12 square kilometers of land and water.After the video was edited,the image data was obtained for about 30 minutes.The analysis found that within 1 km of the upstream and downstream of the water intake,the visual interpretation identified 246 risk sources.On average,there were about 8.8 pollution sources in each water intake.UAV monitoring emergency standby water intake risk was effective and feasible.Based on this,suggestions were made such as strengthening risk prediction and early warning of water intakes,strengthening supervision of surrounding enterprises,multi-party negotiation to solve land occupation,and cooperation with unmanned aerial vehicles and traditional monitoring technologies.This paper formulated a monitoring plan for water intake projects in Shanghai,using drone and camera monitoring as the main method,field visits and boat surveys as supplements.Technically verify the illegal water intakes of the upper reaches of the Huangpu River,the Shanghai section of the Taipu River,the South Hengyin River in Chongming,Baoshan Wenzaobang and Nanhui Dazhi River.The author determined 6-10 monitoring points for each river section,and monitored the 1km range upstream and downstream along the river.The cumulative flight time of the drone was about 10 hours,and the flight section was about 170 kilometers.Eight suspected illegal water intake projects were directly found.Based on this,some suggestions were put forward to liberalize the supervision of small public water intake facilities,strengthen the supervision of specific industries such as construction cement,and strengthen the verification of water resources access of Wenzaobang and Dazhi River.This article takes the emergency water intake risk monitoring and illegal water intake engineering technical verification of Shanghai Waterworks as an example to prove the feasibility of drone monitoring to identify drinking water source risks,analyze and discuss other application scenarios and deficiencies of drone monitoring technology,The result has certain practical significance for water resources management in Shanghai,and has certain reference value for the construction of water intake and its risk monitoring technology system.This article was supported by the Shanghai Water Resources Bureau's Water Resources Basic Management Research Project: "Shanghai Public Water Supply Emergency and Backup Water Intake Status Survey,Environmental Assessment and Supervision Research" project and "Water Intake Facilities Verification and Registration" project.