FPGA-based Real-time Digital Solver For Electromechanical Transient Simulation

Given the new energy revolution,the smart grid has become a trend in the electric power industry.Real-time electromechanical transient simulation plays an important role in hardware-in-the-loop tests of some devices such as united power flow controllers(UPFC)and energy management systems(EMS),and is used in power system training,online warning and decision support.Smart grids have higher levels of safe and stable operation and highly intelligent grid dispatching,which is benefit from real-time electromechanical transient simulation.A field-programmable gate array(FPGA)-based digital solver(FRTDS)for realtime electromechanical transient simulation is designed in this paper.The solving process for a device or sub-network in electromechanical transient simulation is packaged into the orders in soft function solvers.The orders are reused by the repeatable invocation of soft function solvers.The designs of process elements and orders of soft function solvers are also given in this paper.The elements of the network equation coefficient matrix are transmitted by data cluster transmitter from microprocessor cores to soft function solvers,whereas other data transmission are realized by data FIFO circuits.The ability of data exchange between microprocessor cores and soft function solvers is enhanced through explicit and implicit channels.The orders of the microprocessor cores are stored in the synchronous dynamic random access memory(SDRAM)on the FPGA board,which solves the problem of insufficient storage space for the orders in electromechanical transient simulation.The reconfiguration of FPGA hardware is realized via the FPGA reconfigurable technology,which improves the flexibility of FRTDS.A real-time digital solver for electromechanical transient simulation,whose feasibility and accuracy are verified by a simulation of part of the power system in East China,is successfully constructed by applying a small number of microprocessor cores and multiple soft function solvers.