| Urbanization is an inevitable trend of social development and an irresistible step of modern civilization.In this process,on the one hand,the natural landscape of the city is constantly eroded;On the other hand,urban residents pay more and more attention to the living environment and quality of life.They are eager to get close to nature and feel nature,and have a stronger demand for urban green landscape.Under this background,Hangzhou government want to build the city like a garden.However,the mainstream two-dimensional indicators such as greening rate and green space coverage can only reflect the urban green space area,which cannot meet the requirements of future park city construction.Green View Index(GVI)is based on human eyes' perception of urban green landscape outside,which can reflect the construction status of urban green space under the human-oriented scale of urban residents.In the past,the study of urban green space in the academic circles mainly focused on the measurement and evaluation of urban green space,the research on the influencing factors of urban green space,and little attention to the GVI.There is an insurmountable contradiction: if a social survey is conducted based on a three-dimensional perspective,it is difficult to conduct large-scale objective research.If geography research is carried out based on a two-dimensional perspective,the research results are difficult to achieve people-oriented.With the maturity of big data technology,a few scholars have begun to combine it with the research of green vision to try to overcome the contradiction of the existing urban green space research,that is,to take into account the "large scale" and "people-oriented".In this context,since 2015,the number of articles related to GVI has started to increase slightly.However,there is still a core problem in the existing GVI research,which is still in the black box state,that is,the factors affecting the green rate and the mechanism behind it are still unclear,making the existing research unable to improve the GVI.Based on the new Marxist urban theory,combined with the actual situation of our country,this paper theoretically analyzes that political power is oriented by social demand,market capital is oriented by profit,and social will is oriented by the will of designers and decision makers,which has an impact on the urban green landscape,and then affects the GVI.Using web crawler and HSV based image color extraction technology,the independent variables including road grade,museum,park,water system,school,government organization,hospital,community,house price and land development project,as well as the dependent variables including parallel road GVI and vertical road GVI are obtained through the code compiled by Matlab platform.Through the visual display of the parallel GVI and the vertical GVI by ArcGIS software,it is found that in general,the GVI of Hangzhou's main urban area is not good,and only about 35% of the sample points whose GVI reaches more than 25%.At the same time,in the spatial distribution,the GVI of each level is interwoven.Among them,the areas with good GVI are mainly around the West Lake and the western mountainous areas,while the areas with poor GVI are mainly in the central Jianggan District and other outer edge areas of Hangzhou main urban area,as well as some urban main roads.In this paper,SEM(spatial error model)is selected as the final regression model after spatial autocorrelation analysis and model optimization comparison.According to the regression results,after in-depth analysis,it is found that the impact mechanism of political power on the GVI of urban roads in Hangzhou mainly includes: the local government takes into account the needs of social and political achievements,which has an impact on the greening of urban roads at all levels;the conflict between the traffic demand and the landscape demand in social demand leads to the confrontation of spatial elements in urban renewal.There are many elements involved in social will,so the mechanism of influence on GVI is the most complex.It is mainly divided into: the difference design of urban spatial elements under the demand of functional diversity driven by the will of designers and decision makers;the requirements of location selection of spatial elements under the drive of different functional requirements on the surrounding environment;the confrontation and sharing of various spatial elements under the demand of plot function and landscape The weakening of social will and the simple and tough leading of political power.The mechanism of market capital's influence on GVI is the most direct,which is mainly driven by profit and designed by spatial difference under the demand of functional diversity of urban spatial elements.In addition,this paper finds that political power also plays an important role in the influence of social will on the GVI.Based on the research results,from the perspective of macro urban management,this paper puts forward to take the green view rate as the core index of urban green space construction,guide the market and society to pay attention to the green view rate,establish a multi-agent green view rate governance strategy,and clarify the responsibility of green view rate management.According to the micro view of urban design,this paper puts forward some concrete measures,such as strengthening three-dimensional greening such as green wall,optimizing waterfront greening,enriching sidewalk greening and so on. |
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