Research On Competition Or Cooperation Game Of Container Ports Based On Competitiveness Evaluation

In recent years,with the recovery of global economic and the improvement of macro policy environment,such as the promulgation of the policy of “Belt and Road”,domestic container ports are faced with new opportunities.However,due to the lack of unified development plan of ports in port clusters,the operators of partial port blindly pursue expansion of scale for the sake of economies of scale,which not only makes the homogenization competition among ports more serious,but also causes a great waste of social resources.In order to alleviate the negative impact of this situation,it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the selection of competition and cooperation strategies between container ports,so as to find a sustainable development method.In order to solve this problem,this paper studies from two aspects: competitiveness evaluation and the game theory.The main contents are as follows.Firstly,based on the analysis of the connotation and influencing factors of container port competitiveness,the evaluation index system is constructed.After the use of G1 method and entropy weight method to assign the subjective and objective weights of the indicators respectively,the port competitiveness was determined by the combined weighting-TOPSIS method based on game theory.On the basis of the classic Bertrand model,the multiple price change sensitivity coefficients according to the difference of competitiveness level are introduced to the port static game model.According to the model established,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the harbor's revenue under different strategy combinations,and obtains a better scheme.Based on the biological evolution theory,the port evolution game model is constructed,and the evolution direction of the port competition strategy is analyzed from the perspective of long-term development.Then,the representative Shenzhen Port and Guangzhou Port are selected for empirical analysis.Through the evaluation model,the competitiveness index of Shenzhen and Guangzhou ports is calculated,and the ratio of comprehensive competitiveness of the two ports is 0.525:0.475.In the light of this result,the sensitivity coefficients of different ports' price fluctuations and the probability of choosing competing strategies in the game are set,and the optimal strategy combination and evolution direction of the two ports are analyzed.From the perspective of static games,the optimal strategy is that the two ports choose to cooperate.At this time,their respective benefits are maximized,but the lack of betrayal cost makes it difficult for the two ports to set up and maintain stable cooperation.From the perspective of evolutionary game theory,the strategy will converge to the two evolutionary stable solutions of cooperation or competition.The evolutionary direction is affected by the initial state of the two ports.Under the current conditions,the probability of the strategy convergence to cooperation is 68.89%.It can be seen that cooperation between the two ports requires not only strong willingness of both parties,but also a sound safeguard mechanism and strong constraints.Finally,according to the results of the model solution and the actual situation of the port,suggestions for improvement are put forward from four aspects: increasing effective constraints,differentiating positioning,improving the collection and distribution system,and jointly building an information platform,so as to promote the common development of the two ports.