Research On The Composition Mechanism Of Spatial Morphology For Courtyard Dwellings And Blocks Of Datong City In Ming And Qing Dynasties

The Datong City in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is an important military trade city in the history of China.The large number of courtyard houses that have been preserved to this day constitute an important part of the cultural landscape of the entire city.The courtyard dwellings of Datong City is not only a space for accommodating human living,but also an objective material carrier reflecting regional history and culture.The Study on the dwellings of Datong City is able to help us to explore and understand the architectural thoughts,living styles and cultural life of ancient people.At the same time,it is of great significance for inheriting and protecting the traditional Chinese history and culture.Based on the current academic research on the courtyard houses,this paper focuses on the courtyard houses and blocks of Datong City that are relatively neglected by the predecessors,and through the extensive field investigation and survey,fully utilize the existing literature and photography materials,utilize archaeology,geography,statistics,architectural typology and social anthropology related theories and methods,combining historical research with logical analysis,not only paying attention to the study of basic principles,but also stressing the study of physical objects and individual cases,has carried out in-depth research on the courtyard dwellings of Datong City from four different perspectives including city,block,architectural space,structure and construction.In the urban scale,the spatial structure of the city is basically stabilized by the influence of historical and cultural factors.In the scale of the neighborhood,the residential houses and the blocks will interact with each other.When the influence of the courtyard houses is large,the block pattern will be changed and further have effects on the spatial structure of the city.When the influence of the block is large,it will control or guide the composition and development of the courtyard dwellings.In the architectural scale,the spatial composition of the courtyard dwellings is main comprehensively influenced by natural climate factors and social cultural factors.In the structure and construction scale,the composition of the courtyard building is mainly influenced by natural climate factors,but the social cultural factors and construction technical conditions are also very important aspects.