| Many studies have found that the airplane cabin has the characteristics of strong airtightness,high passenger density,heavy pollutant load and low fresh air volume,which makes the airplane cabin a very easy place to spread diseases.Airplane travel has become one of the important ways of infectious diseases spreading worldwide.In order to investigate the distribution of drug-resistant bacteria and genes in the cabin air and the bacterial community structure in the cabin environment,particulate matter on the HEPA membrane of an Airbus A320 cabin on an international flight route at Bengniu Airport in Changzhou was selected as the research object.Through Q-PCR determination,the quantitative detection for the cabin HEPA samples to the six categories of 31 kinds of gene subtypes,including 3 sulfonamide resistance genes,6tetracycline resistance genes,6 aminoglycoside resistance genes,11 beta-lactam resistance genes,3 macrolide resistance genes and 2 quinolone resistance genes.Among them,24 kinds of drug resistance genes and int I1genes were detected,and the total frequency of drug resistance genes was 83.9%.Among all the tested resistance genes,the relative content of int I1 was the highest,which was 3.94×10-1?gene copies/16S rRNA copies?.The relative content of beta-lactam resistance genes was between 1.51×10-5-1.26×10-2,and the relative contents of blaCMY-2 was the highest,which was 1.26×10-2.sul1,sul2 and sul3 were 1.05×10-2,4.81×10-2,5.26×10-3.The relative content of sulfonamide resistance genes was the highest,and intI1 might cause the transmission of sulfonamide resistance genes spread among bacteria.Through the analysis of the third-generation sequencing technology,it was found that Proteobacteria were dominant bacteria in the aircraft HEPA samples,accounting for 95%of the total number of bacteria.Meanwhile,58 strains of drug-resistant bacteria were screened from the samples.Bacillus?48%?,Enterobacter?26%?and Micrococcus?17%?were the dominant bacteria,of which 19 were pathogenic or conditional pathogens.In addition,58 isolates of bacteria were tested for 8 antibiotic resistance phenotypes?ampicillin,ciprofloxacin,imipenem,tetracycline,sulfamethoxane,gentamicin,streptomycin and chloramphenicol?.51 strains?87.9%?were ampicillin-tolerant,45 strains?77.6%?were sulfamethoxazole-tolerant,36 strains?62.1%?were gentamicin-tolerant,and 20 strains?34.5%?were imipenem-tolerant.All the bacteria were not tolerant to ciprofloxacin.Among them,84.48%of the bacteria?3strains of bacteria with five resistance,19 strains of bacteria with four resistance,11strains of bacteria with three resistance,16 strains of bacteria with two resistance?had at least two resistance.This study found that the relative concentration of drug resistance genes in cabin air was generally high.It revealed that cabin air was an important intersection area between human and antibiotic resistance genes,which posed a potential threat to human health. |
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