Modeling And Simulation Of Energy Consumption And Charging Load Of Electric Vehicles

Since the beginning of the 21st century,the problem of energy and environment has become increasingly serious.In order to solve the profound contradiction between energy environment and human survival and development,an energy revolution aiming at environmental protection,low carbon and high efficiency was launched worldwide.New energy vehicles,mainly electric vehicles,have emerged as the times require.However,with the increasing penetration rate of electric vehicles,the coupling relationship between the power grid and the transportation network has become more and more complex,and a special modeling and simulation tool is urgently needed to study the interaction and influence between the power grid and the transportation network.The operation of the transportation network affects the energy consumption of electric vehicles.The energy consumption of electric vehicles affects the space-time distribution of electric vehicle charging load,thus affecting the operation of the power system.This paper took the modeling and simulation of electric vehicle energy consumption and charging load as the research object,and establishes a simulation model based on Discrete Event System Simulation Specification(DEVS)to realize the simulation test of electric vehicle energy consumption and charging load space-time distribution in traffic network.The main work of this paper includes:Firstly,the simulation model of electric vehicle energy consumption is introduced,in order to consider the influence of the speed,acceleration and vehicle spacing of the leading vehicle,the microscopic car following model is established,the evolution process of vehicle speed,acceleration and position is obtained,and the electric vehicle energy consumption is calculated.In order to study the charging load of time-space distribution of electric vehicles,based on the trip chain theory,the relevant models of electric vehicles are introduced,such as initial trip time,residence time,OD matrix,charging strategy and charging model.Then,the traffic network model is established by dividing the traffic system.The traffic system is divided into four module components:charging station,intersection,traffic signal lamp and road section.The dynamic mutual feed and simulation process between electric vehicles and between electric vehicles and traffic network components are described.The DEVS model of electric vehicles and traffic system is built.The atomic model of electric vehicles is built according to car following and energy consumption model.The process of vehicle generation and initialization is analyzed,and the atomic model of vehicle generator is established.The charging process of the vehicle in the charging station is analyzed,and the atomic model of the charging station is established.The dynamic behavior of vehicles at intersections is analyzed,and an intersection coupling model is established,which focuses on the collision point atomic model of vehicle collision behavior at intersections.An atomic model of the time signal generator describing the road section where traffic signal lamps allow/prohibit vehicles to leave is created.This paper analyzes the driving process of vehicles on the road section,and establishes the dynamic coupling model of the vehicle manager,in which the control,linking and management process of the vehicle manager to the vehicles on the road section are specifically elaborated.Finally,the road-car-station model is verified by several simulation experiments.The simulation results show that the road-car-station model presented in this paper can reflect the interaction among traffic network,electric vehicle and charging station.The reliability of the model is verified by simulating the traffic capacity of intersections and the dynamic loss of electric vehicles.The influence of different capacity electric vehicles,road congestion and limited capacity of charging stations on the charging load of each charging station is analyzed through simulation experiments.It is concluded that small capacity electric vehicles have the greatest influence on the charging load.Road congestion will affect the charging load of charging stations in various regions.There is mutual influence between charging stations constrained by capacity.The simulation results prove the validity of the road-vehicle-station simulation model,therefore,the model can be used to explore the coupling relationship among traffic network,electric vehicle and charging station.