Study On The Gathering And Transportation Function And Spatial Form Of Ula Settlement From Ming Dynasty To The Republic Of China

Wulajie town in the north of Jilin City,Jilin Province,has a history of nearly 600 years since the ancient city of Wula was built in Nuzhen Wula in the west of the Ming Dynasty.Wula tribe in Ming Dynasty is one of the four Hulun tribes of Nuzhen in the west of the sea.Its settlement was strong for a time,and the city built was large-scale.In the Qing Dynasty,Jilin Wula was regarded as the "beginning of the prosperity of the royal family" and was banned.A tribute catching organization was set up to fight animals in Wula Yamen.Wula became the largest tribute base in Northeast China directly subordinate to the Ministry of internal affairs.At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China,Wula region experienced a transformation from the base of collecting tribute to the township administrative region.From the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China,Wula settlement experienced a complex process of development and change.In the existing study of Wula settlement,there are few studies covering Ming Dynasty,Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.In the field of architecture,the research of Wula settlement stops at the basic research of settlement space due to the shortage of literature,or analyzes the current spatial state of Wula street town from the perspective of comprehensive architecture.In order to study the spatial history of Wula settlement,it is necessary to further excavate the historical materials,and to further promote the spatial form,formation causes and other issues.Through combing the relevant documents of Wula settlement and the materials obtained from field investigation,this study grasps the historical context,spatial form and change process of Wula settlement.Literature combing includes the collection of ancient books in a wide range,simplification and sentence reading,combing out the important content to form the basis of historical discussion.By reading a lot of relevant research,we can broaden the research perspective and inspire research ideas.The materials obtained from the field investigation include local interview recording,on-site photos,aerial photos of UAVs,and the investigation track recorded by interactive map.With the help of RTK measuring instrument,the elevation data of the site topography is collected,and a series of mapping maps are synthesized in the later stage.In addition,in the process of discussion,GIS geographic information data analysis is used to make a visual analysis of the regional morphology of Wula settlement.In the part of lack of discussion materials,we use horizontal comparison with other related objects to improve the discussion.In the discussion,the settlement space is divided into three levels:regional form,urban Guo form,urban spatial distribution and architecture.The study of regional form includes the regional form of Wula settlement in Northeast Jurchen social environment in Ming Dynasty and the regional form of Wula settlement group.In the social area of Nuzhen in the Ming Dynasty,Wula settlement combined with the geographical and natural environment conditions and the political and social environment of Nuzhen,forming a "collection and transportation function".It plays an important role in the trade of Malaysia city in Liaodong,and therefore obtains development.In the military defense of Wula settlement in Ming Dynasty,it formed a regional pattern that the capital was defended by the guard city layer by layer,and the defense in the South was stronger than that in the north.In the Qing Dynasty,the regional form of Wula settlement in the northeast of China was studied.Wula’s function of fighting animals was centered on Wula city.Of the three cattle fighting areas in the northeast,Wula has the most specific functions and the longest execution time.The implementation of the social function of fighting livestock is also the embodiment of the gathering and transportation function of Wula settlement.During the period of the Republic of China,the function of fighting livestock was abolished,and the regional form of Wula settlement shrank,so the function of gathering and transportation changed accordingly.In terms of the shape of the city walls,in the Ming Dynasty,Wula used the gathering and transportation function to accumulate tribal strength and expand on the basis of the original city walls;in the Qing Dynasty,a new site was selected to build the city in the south of the city walls in the Ming Dynasty;in the Republic of China,the West Commercial District of the new city briefly set up the city walls,and the rapid disappearance of the city walls was affected by the expansion of the city space and the demand of the gathering and transportation function for transportation.The study of the spatial distribution in the city,comparing the spatial form of the four cities of Hulun in Ming Dynasty,speculated that the commanding point and the buildings distributed on it had an important position.In the Qing Dynasty,the distribution of buildings inside and outside the city was divided by the Manchu and Han Dynasties.The official buildings were in the city,and the private buildings were outside the city.In the Ming Dynasty,the commercial development of the western district outside the city led to the emergence of official buildings.The new spatial pattern coexists with the old one.The research on the spatial level of the building,the time and form of the construction of the fishing building,and the setting of the fishing building are related to the period of Wula’s intention to fight animals.In addition,the spatial layout and change process of government buildings are studied.The chief executive yamen of dashengwula is the executive organ of the function of fighting livestock in the Qing Dynasty,and also the management organ of the gathering and transportation function of the settlement.In terms of space,it conforms to the order of general government buildings,and forms a special spatial layout around the function of fighting animals.At the end of Qing Dynasty,the general yamen of the Republic of China experienced a series of mergence,and the space was shared by several departments.Wula’s assistant leading yamen is different from the general area’s,which is responsible for military defense and also needs to assist in fighting animals.The space is also very simple.This paper focuses on the historical environment of the settlement as well as the basic research of physical space such as region,city and architecture.In the historical environment,the form of gathering and transportation function of settlements is extracted.From the perspective of gathering and transportation function,the form and characteristics of space entity of Wula settlement are explored,and the discussion logic of corresponding historical environment of settlement space is constructed.