Effects Of Selenium Application On Accumulation Of Agronomic Characters,Yield And Selenium,Cadmium And Lead In Wheat

Selenium is one of the 14 essential trace elements in the human body.It has antioxidant,anti-aging and anti-cancer effects.In nature,selenium can be divided into organic selenium and inorganic selenium.Inorganic selenium has a certain toxicity,and it has certain harm to the human body.The transformation of plants into organic selenium and then the food chain to the human body is an important way to supplement selenium.As the world’s largest growing food crop,wheat has strong selenium-enrichment capacity.Selenium-enriched wheat is used as food for people and can supplement people’s needs for selenium products.Studies have shown that there are differences in the absorption properties of selenium and heavy metals among crop varieties with different genetic backgrounds.From 2015 to 2017,the author conducted a study on the agronomic traits,yield,and accumulative effects of selenium,cadmium,and lead on the selenium-enriched wheat varieties at the teaching and practice base of the Agricultural College of Yangtze University.Seven wheat varieties were selected for the experiment.Selenium foliar fertilizer and selenium ore powder were used as selenium sources.Selenium foliar fertilizer was sprayed at the booting stage of wheat and the amount of selenium was 1.5g/667m² of foliar fertilizer;The selenium ore fines were used as a base fertilizer and were applied before sowing.The amount of selenium ore was 40kg/667m² with a total selenium content of83mg/kg.The experiment was divided into two treatments:selenium foliar fertilizer application,selenium ore application and selenium foliar fertilizer spraying,and blank control.To explore the effects of different selenium application methods on the agronomic traits and yield of various wheat,as well as the contents of selenium,cadmium,and lead in grains;and to select high-yield,high-quality,selenium-rich,low-cadmium,and low-lead wheat varieties.1.Effect of Selenium-leaf Fertilizer on Wheat Agronomic Traits,Yield and Contents of Grain Selenium,Cadmium and Lead（1）The effect of foliar fertilizer on the seed setting rate of wheat was significant(F=7.04>F_0.05).The average seed setting rate of the tested wheat was 83.11%,which was 3.37%higher than that of the control.The adaptability of the wheat varieties of E-mai596 and E-mai251 was better.The fertility rate increased by 7.77%and 5.83%,respectively,compared with the control.（2）After the application of selenium foliar fertilizer in 7 wheat varieties,the average yield was 326.51kg/667m²,which was 16.19kg/667m² higher than the control,but it was not significant(F=4.13<F_0.05).（3）The effect of selenium leaf fertilizer on selenium and cadmium in wheat grain was significant(F=285.22>F_0.05,F=12.39>F_0.05).The wheat selenium content in wheat varieties of E-mai18 and A6005 is higher,and it should be used as the superior material for selenium-enriched cultivation.In addition,the grain of E-mai596 wheat has less accumulation of cadmium and lead,and has stronger selenium absorption capacity.As a selenium-rich low cadmium and low lead absorption capacity of the dominant wheat varieties.2.Effect of application of selenium ore foundation and selenium foliar fertilizer on agronomic traits,yield,selenium,cadmium and lead in wheat（1）The application of selenium ore foliar application and selenium foliar fertilizer had significant effect on the seed setting rate of wheat(F=5.84>F_0.05).The cultivars of E-mai596 and E-mai251 have good adaptability,and the average seed setting rate increased by 6.29%and 4.62%compared with the control.（2）The application of selenium ore foliar application and selenium foliar fertilizer had significant effects on wheat yield(F=8.36>F_0.05).After application of selenium ore flour and selenium foliar fertilizer,the average yield per unit area of tested wheat was 317.15kg/667m²,which was 6.83kg/667m² higher than the control.（3）The effect of selenium mineral powders on selenium and cadmium in wheat was significant(F=291.662>F_0.05,F=31.499>F_0.05).The wheat grain of E-mai18 has higher selenium content and should be used as the superior material for selenium-enriched cultivation.The grain of the E-mai596 wheat has weak absorption ability for cadmium and lead,and has strong selenium absorption capacity.