| Genetic and environment are the main factors affecting the yield and quality of wheat.The environment factor could further dissect as climate and soil types.For better understanding the effect of soil types on wheat production and quality,three wheat cultivars,namely Chuannong 16,Shumai 482 and Shumai 969,were potted in Wenjiang paddy soil and Renshou purple soil at the same climate of Wenjiang at the field experiment station of Sichuan Agricultural university for two consecutive seasons from 2014 to 2016.We investigated the yield and its components as well as quality parameters and the storage protein components(gliadin,glutenin)between the two soil types and among three cultivars.The main results were as follows:1.The yield and its components among three cultivars were different from each other.The yield of Shumai 969 were significant higher than that of the Shumai 482;both were not significant with that of Chuannong 16.For 1000-grains weights,there was no difference for Chuannong 16 and Shumai 482;both were significantly lower than those of the Shumai 969.As far as effective panicle numbers,Chuannong 16 was significantly larger than those of the Shumai 482.There was no difference for effective panicle numbers between Chuannong 16 and Shumai 482.Significant differences for the yield,grains per spike,and 1000-grains weight were found between two years.The corresponding values for 2015 were significantly larger than those of 2016.Besides,the interaction effects of cultivars and years for grain numbers per spike and 1000-grains weight and the interaction effects of soil types and years for yield and grain numbers per spike were all shown significantly difference from each other.2.The quality parameters were investigated.The results shown that the sedimentation values and water absorptions of wheats from Renshou purple soils were significantly higher than those from Wenjiang paddy soils.The gluten index,sedimentation values and rub mix parameters(except for peak height)among cultivars showed significantly difference from each other.The gluten indices between Shumai 969 and Shumai 482 were not significant;both were significantly higher than that of Chuannong 16.The peak time,peak area,and 8 min width among three cultivars were significantly difference from each other.The orders were ranked as Shumai 969>Shumai 482>Chuannong 16.Significant differences for all the quality parameters except for peak height between two years were observed.The flour protein,and the dry and wet gluten content of 2015 were larger than those for 2016,while the gluten index,sedimentation values,and rub mix parameters other than peak height showed reverse tendency as those for flour protein and the dry and wet gluten content for two years.In addition,the interaction effects between soil types and years for gluten index,peak time and areas and the interaction effects among cultivars,soil types,and years for 8 min width and water absorption were all showed significant difference.3.The results indicate that the genetic of cultivars had significant effect on the content of all the storage protein components except for ?/?-gliadins and on the gliadin/glutenin ratios.There was no difference for the ?-gliadins,high molecular weight glutenins,and the gliadin/glutenin ratios between Shumai 482 and Shumai 969;both were significantly lower than those for Chuannong 16.The content of storage proteins and the gliadin/glutenin ratios between two years and between two of soil types showed significant difference.All the storage proteins except for?-gliadin and gliadin/glutenin ratios in 2015 were significantly larger than those of in 2016,while the ?-gliadins between two years showed reverse tendency as storage proteins.The storage proteins and their components of Renshou purple soils were significantly larger than those of for Wenjiang paddy soils.Moreover,the interaction effects between cultivars and years had significant influence on the content of co-gliadins,glutenins and total storage proteins as well as gliadin/glutenin ratios. |
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