Studies On The Experimental Population Ecology Of Amblyseius Makuwa And Euseius Utilis(Acari:Phytoseiidae)

Amblyseius makuwa and Euseius utilis(Acari:Phytoseiidae)are both predatory mites.The preliminary experiment showed that A.makuwa and E.utilis has high consumption rate when Tetranychus cinnabarinus were supplied as food.Studies on the experimental population ecology of A.makuwa and E,utilis were carried out.The life table of experimental population of A.makuwa and E.utilis preying on T.cinnabarinus were established.The efficiency of A.makuwa and E.utilis preyed on different stages of T.cinnabarinus(female,nymph and egg)were studied in this thesis.Meanwhile,toxicity and selective toxicity of 5 kinds of acaricide to A.makuwa,E.utilis and T.cinnabarinus were determined.The main results were as follows:1.Experimental population life table of Amblyseius makuwa and Euseius utilisThe life table of experimental population of A.makuwa and E.utilis preying on T.cinnabarinus were established under controlled temperature(25 ±1 ?)and humidity(80%)conditions.Survival rates of different developmental stages of A.makuwa feeding on T.cinnabarinus were all above 90%,and the developmental duration of immature stages of A.makuwa was 4.60 d,The mean number of eggs was 22.12 eggs/female,with daily oviposition rate of 1.22 eggs/female at 25 ?.The net reproduction rate(R0),intrinsic increase rate(rm),mean generation time(T),finite increase rate(?)and the time for double population were 11,80,0.175,14.12,1.191 and 3.96 d,respectively.Survival rates of different developmental stages of E.utilis feeding on T.cinnabarinus were all above 90%,and the developmental duration of immature stages of A.makuwa was 4.34 d,The mean number of eggs was 26.40 eggs/female,with daily oviposition rate of 1.30 eggs/female at 25 ?.The net reproduction rate(R0),intrinsic increase rate(rm),mean generation time(T),finite increase rate(?)and the time for double population were17.60,0.170,16.85,1.186 and 4.07 d,respectively.2.Functional response of Amblyseius makuwa and Euseius utilis on Tetranychus cinnabarinusThe functional responses of A.makuwa and E.utilis to various stages of T.cinnabarinus were discussed by using five temperature gradients in laboratory.The results showed that curves of functional response of A.makuwa and E.utilis to various stages of T.cinnabarinus are belonging to the type of Holling ?.Different temperature on predation functional response has a certain impact.The rate of discovery of prey,predation capacity and the theoretic maximum of the daily predation of A.makuwa and E.utilis to various stages of T.cinnabarinus increased with the temperature increased.However,the ability of predation declined with temperature increased while the treatment time were shortened,and the optimum temperature was at 28 ?.The predation ability of A.makuwa and E.utilis to different stages of T.cinnabarinus were eggs>nymph>female adult mites when under the same temperature.When eggs of T.cinnabarinus were supplied,the daily maximum theoretic number of prey consumed of A.makuwa was 17.1233;when nymphs of T.cinnabarinus were supplied,the daily maximum theoretic number of prey consumed of A.makuwa was 13.3333;when females of T.cinnabarinus were supplied,the daily maximum theoretic number of prey consumed of A.makuwa was 8.6975.When eggs of T.cinnabarinus were supplied,the daily maximum theoretic number of prey consumed of E.utilis was 14.4509;when nymphs of T.cinnabarinus were supplied,the daily maximum theoretic number of prey consumed of E.utilis was 11.0011;when females of T.cinnabarinus were supplied,the daily maximum theoretic number of prey consumed of E.utilis was 6.5104.3.Toxicity and selective toxicity of 5 kinds of acaricide to Amblyseius makuwa,Euseius utilis and Tetranychus cinnabarinusIn order to coordinate chemical pesticides with protection and utilization of predatory mites,LC50 and toxicity selective ratios(TSR)of 5 kinds of acaroids to A.makuwa,E.utilis and T.cinnabarinus were determined by using slide slip method.The results showed that the order of toxicity selective ratios were avermectin>chlorpyrifos>propargite>pyridaben>spirodiclofen.The value of the avermectin to A.makuwa and T.cinnabarinus,E.utilis and T.cinnabarinus was 107.863 and 58.518 respectively,the value of the chlorpyrifos to A.makuwa and T.cinnabarinus,E.utilis and T.cinnabarinus was 27.627 and 9.522 respectively,which indicated that they had higher positive selectivity both on A.makuwa and T.cinnabarinus,E.utilis and T.cinnabarinus,avermectin and chlorpyrifos can be recommended to use preferentially in pest control to achieve predatory mites protection.