Study On Morphological And Cellular Diversity Of Cultivated Camellia Reticulata

Camellia reticulata Lindl.,an evergreen tree in the Theaceae family that is endemic to China,is the second grade of the national key protected wild plants,the precious flower in the world,the most famous flower in Yunnan Province,and the city flower in Kunming.Morphological and cellular diversity of cultivated Camellia reticulata was studied in this paper.First of all,DNA content of 60 common cultivars C.reticulata was analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM)analysis.Results showed that 60 cultivars of C.reticulata had four ploidy,namely,tetraploid,hexaploid,octoploid,and decaploid.Thus,C.reticulate were classified into four cultivar groups according to ploidy,respectively,tetraploid cultivar group,hexaploid cultivar group,octoploid cultivar group,and decaploid cultivar group.The tetraploid cultivar group including 4 species,accounting for 6.67%of the total number of samples.Hexaploid cultivar group including 18 species,accounting for 30%of the total number of samples.Octoploid cultivar group including 35 species,accounting for 58.33%of the total number of samples.Decaploid cultivar group including 3 species,accounting for the total 5.00%of the total number.Secondly,chromosome of C.reticulata was observed by microscope.With leaf buds as the experimental materials,15 common species were observed for chromosome counting.With flower buds as the experimental materials,8 common species were observed for chromosome counting.The conclusion showed that the results of chromosome counting and flow cytometry was consistent.Finally,morphological diversity of Creticulata was investigated,and the characteristics and the ploidy of C.reticulata was conducted correlation analysis by using the SPSS 21.0 software.Results showed that these three characters "flower diameter","leaf stomatal length","leaf stomatal width"have significant correlation with ploidy,other numerical characters have no significant correlation.In addition,the correlation of characters was conducted Q-type cluster analysis.The clustering results of leaf stomatal length as classification variables was consistent with the results of the cultivar classification,according to the chromosome ploidy.The clustering results of leaf stomatal width as classification variables was not consistent with the results of the cultivar classification,according to the chromosome ploidy.The clustering results of flower diameter as classification variables was not consistent with the results of the cultivar classification,according to the chromosome ploidy.The clustering results of leaf stomatal length and stomatal width as classification variables was consistent with the results of the cultivar classification,according to the chromosome ploidy.Thus,the stomatal length can be used as a morphological marker that can judge chromosome ploidy of C.reticulata.