| In recent years,with the increasing of corn production,the amount of stubble has also increased rapidly.In general,the stubble of corn is relatively rough,it is necessary to dispose the stubble before sowing operation.Stubble-breaking could create a better seedbed and sowing environment,and avoid the occurrence of jams during planter operation,which contributes to improve the quality of sowing,as well as increase the soil organic matter contents and promote the growth and development of the crops.There are some existing problems during the working process of available subsoiling and stubble-breaking machines,such as the unfavorable effect of stubble cleaning,the poor tilling depth stability and the higher power consumption etc.Thus,A type of subsoiling and stubble-breaking machine was designed,which could adapt to the technology mode of cold region conservation tillage in the northeast.The theoretical analysis,optimization design,computer simulation and experimental study were carried out for its stubble-breaking components,the main completed contents are as follows:(1)The three-dimensional solid mode of strip subsoiling and stubble-breaking machine was completed in 3D modeling software Pro/E5.0,which determined the overall structure and basic parameters of subsoiling stubble-breaking machine.The working theoretical analysis on subsoiling and stubble-breaking machine and its stubble-breaking component was taken,which provided theoretical basis for design and experimental research of stubble-breaking component.(2)In order to improve the operation performance of subsoiling and stubble-breaking machine,the overall structure of stubble-breaking device and the structure of stubble-breaking blade were designed combined with theoretical analysis and practical working requirements.And modal analysis of stubble-breaking roller and static analysis of blade structure were taken in ANSYS15.0Workbench software to verify the rationality of structure design.(3)The indoor soil bin optimization test was carried out for optimizing stubble-breaking blade structure parameters.The three factors and five levels quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was implemented using Design-expert software to seek the influence of various experimental factors on the index and the optimal combination of structural parameters.The notch sliding angle,the bending angle and the tangent edge sliding angle for designed stubble-breaking blade were used as experimental factors,power consumption and the depth of tilling stabilitycoefficient were used as experimental index.The results showed that the influence of various experimental factors on the power consumption and the depth of tilling stability coefficient was that the notch sliding angle>the bending angle>the tangent edge sliding angle.The optimal structural parameters combination of stubble-breaking blade was that the notch sliding angle was27o,the bending angle was 108o,the tangent edge sliding angle was 5o.Under the combination of the above parameters,power consumption of single stubble-breaking roller was 4.82 kW and the depth of tilling stability coefficient was 95.06%,thus the theoretical optimization and test verification results were basically consistent.(4)Field test and parameter optimization of stubble-breaking device were carried out,the influence factors of field test included the speed of working machine,the depth of stubble-breaking and the tangent edge sliding angle for stubble-breaking blade,and evaluation indices included the rate of stubble-breaking and the depth stability coefficient of the stubble breaking.The method used in test was three factors and three levels quadratic regression combination.According to the analysis of variance,the influence degree of each factor on the rate of stubble-breaking and the depth stability coefficient of the stubble breaking was that the speed of working machine>the tangent edge sliding angle>the depth of stubble-breaking.The structural and working parameters of stubble-breaking components were optimized using Design-expert,and determined the optimal combination of parameters was that the speed of working was 2.8 km/h,the depth of stubble-breaking was 84.9 mm,the tangent edge sliding angle for stubble-breaking blade was 6.5o.The results showed that the stubble-breaking rate increased by 3.05% and 7.11%respectively,and the depth stability coefficient of the stubble breaking were increased by 3.34%and 4.89% contrasted with the traditional stubble-breaking machine and reference index. |
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