The Application Of Several Additives In The Feed Of Anguilla Anguilla

The effect of dietary administration of four kinds of additives?Chinese herbal medicine?CHM?,multi-enzyme,mannan oligosaccharides,multivitamin and combined additives?on growth performance,whole-body composition,activities of digestive enzymes and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.The results were as follows:?1?Effect of different levels of dietary Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance,activities of digestive enzymes and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.Six diets were formulated to contain graded level of Chinese herbal medicine?0?0.25?0.50?0.75?1.00?1.25%?and fed to fish for 6 weeks.Results indicated that weight gain rate?specific growth rate and survival rate of the fish fed with the control diet were significantly lower than those with CHM?P<0.05?.The weight gain rate?specific growth rate and survival rate of the fish increased significantly with increasing dietary CHM from 0.25%to 0.50%?P<0.05?.The crude protein began to increase in 0.50%CHM group,and the highest value was found in 0.75%group?P<0.05?.The intestinal protease and amylase in 0.50%-1.00%CHM groups were significantly increased?P<0.05?.The serum serum superoxide dismutase?lysozyme?alkaline phosphatase and serum total protein were presenting a trend of rising then falling,and the highest value was found in 0.50%?P<0.05?.Based on the information above,the optimal dietary Chinese herbal medicine level is 0.50%.?2?Effect of different levels of dietary multi-enzyme on growth performance,activities of digestive enzymes and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.Five hundred and forty fish were randomly allotted to six groups with triplication and fed diets containing multi-enzyme at a rate of?0.05%?0.10%?0.15%?0.20%?0.25%?and the control.After feeding for 6 weeks,the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of 0.15%group were higher than those of the control by 34.22%and 26.36%?P<0.05?.The feed added multi-enzyme decrease the ash content.There was significantly higher apparent activities of intestinal trypsin in added groups?P<0.05?,activities of amylase increased then decreased with the multi-enzyme concentration.The activities of serum superoxide dismutase,lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase of multi-enzyme added groups increased significantly with the control group?P<0.05?,and the concentration of serum total protein of 0.15%group was higher than the control by38.86%?P<0.05?.In conclusion,the feed added with 0.15%multi-enzyme can promote the growth performance,digestibility and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.?3?Effect of different levels of dietary mannan oligosaccharides on growth performance,activities of digestive enzymes and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.Six experimental diets were conducted?adding 0%,0.10%,0.20%,0.30%,0.40%,050%mannan oligosaccharides?,respectively to feed anguillas for 6 weeks.The results showed that the weight gain ratio of 0.40%and 0.50%groups were higher than those of the control by 28.01%and 23.85%difference finally?P<0.05?.Mannan oligosaccharides decrease the body moisture significantly?P<0.05?.The feed added 0.20%-0.50%mannan oligosaccharides significantly increase the activities of intestinal trypsin,amylase,lipase?P<0.05?.The activities of serum superoxide dismutase in 0.30%-0.40%mannan oligosaccharides was significantly higher than the control?P<0.05?,lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase of 0.40%group were higher than other treatments?P<0.05?.With the increase of added mannan oligosaccharides the concentration of serum total protein was raesed,and the highest value was found in 0.40%-0.50%?P<0.05?.In conclusion,the feed added with 0.40%multi-enzyme can promote the growth performance,digestibility and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.?4?Effect of different levels of dietary multivitamin on growth performance,activities of digestive enzymes and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.Six experimental diets were prepared?adding 0%,0.25%,0.5%,0.75%,1.0%,1.25%multivitamin?,respectively to feed anguillas for 6 weeks.The results showed that with increase of dietary multivitamin level,eel weight gain ratio and the specific growth ratio in each group showed a trend of first rising then falling,and got to a significant difference finally?P<0.05?.While the concentration of multivitamin was 0.75%,weight gain ratio had reached the highest peak.At inclusion of 0.75%level,the body moisture decreased notably?P<0.05?,and the crude protein and the ash increased significantly?P<0.05?.The activities of intestinal trypsin,amylase,lipase and activities of serum superoxide dismutase,lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase of multivitamin added groups increased significantly with the control group?P<0.05?,and the concentration of serum total protein of 0.75%group reached the maximum?P<0.05?.Based on the results of the trial above,the recommented of dose of multivitamin in diets of A.anguilla is0.75%.?5?Effect of different levels of combined additives on growth performance,activities of digestive enzymes and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.Using the orthogonal test design L₉?3⁴?,nine practical diets containing different Chinese herbal medicine?0.20?0.35?0.50%?,multi-enzyme?0.05?0.10?0.15%?,mannan oligosaccharides?0.20?0.30?0.40%?,multivitamin?0.25?0.50?0.75%?with a control were conducted to study the effects of combined additives on growth performance,digestibility and immune response of Anguilla anguilla.Results indicated that combined additives can significantly improve the growth performance of Anguilla anguilla.All groups of combined additives added was significantly lower than control group,D5 reaches its lowest value?P<0.05?.The influence of Chinese herbal medicine to weight gain rate and specific growth rate is the largest.The influence of multivitamin to feed efficiency and hepatosomatic indexes is the largest.The influence of multi-enzyme to condition factor is the largest.The nine practical diets significantly enhance the activities of digestive enzymes,the highest value of intestinal protease was found in D5?P<0.05?.The intestinal lipase was presenting a trend of increasing,and the highest value was found in D5?P<0.05?.The influence of Chinese herbal medicine to intestinal protease and intestinal lipase is the largest.The influence of mannan oligosaccharides to amylase is the largest.The nine diets significantly enhance the immune response of eels,serum superoxide dismutase in D1?4?5?6?7 groups had reached a relatively high level?P<0.05?.The LZM of added groups were significantly higher than control group escept D6.The serum total protein of D3?4?5 was significantly higher than the control.In conclusion,the combined additives produce an immunized as well as good for growth of eels,D5 is the optimal combination.