| The use of chemical fertilizer in China is up to 60 million T per year and is ranked first in every country in the world,but its utilization rate is far less than that of other countries such as the United States,resulting in the waste of chemical fertilizer and the destruction of soil environment,and some new fertilizers can improve the above problems,among which biological bacterial manure and fulvic acid can improve the soil ring of crops.In order to improve the quality of the crops,increase the yield of crops and enhance the resistance of the plants,the strategy of sustainable green development,saving resources and protecting the environment is proposed.The effects of several biological fertilizer,one fulvic acid and four potato varieties on the effects of potato plant morphology,SPAD value,tuber quality,yield traits and economic benefits were studied in this experiment.Two years in Harbin and Nehe were conducted to explore the effects of different fertilizers and the performance of different varieties.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The application of bio fertilizer and fulvic acid can significantly improve the potato plant height,main number and stem diameter.It can increase plant height by 3.18%~10.76%,increase stem diameter by 4.96%~13.22% and increase the number of main stem by 7.8%~27.89%.The plant morphological index of the four cultivar Yan Shu 4 is higher than that of the other three varieties.Harbin area were significantly higher than that of Nehe,Nehe is lower than the stem diameter,stem number respectively.(2)The application of bio bacterial manure and fulvic acid to the SPAD value increased significantly,and the SPAD value of potato leaves could be increased by 3.22%~8.76%.The SPAD value of leaves under A4 treatment(Jiayou Huangfutian fulvic acid)and B4 treatment(Potato ecological formula fertilizer)was the highest.Four varieties of Middle East farmers and Dong nong 312 were higher than those of the other two varieties.The SPAD value in Nehe area is significantly higher than that in Harbin area.(3)The application of bio microbial fertilizer and fulvic acid can increase the quality of potato significantly,which can increase the content of the starch content by 1.56%~3.16%,increase the content of protein by 0.21%~0.38%,increase the content of Vc,increase the content of 20.34%~36.83%,increase the content of potassium,increase the content of iron,and increase the content of zinc,14.34%~48.27%,and the content of zinc element in 15.38%~43.31%.Of the four varieties,DongNong 311 starch content is the highest,the Vc content of Dong Nong 312 is the highest,The contents of potassium,iron and zinc in Dong Nong 312 were higher than those in the other three varieties.Potato quality in Nehe area is significantly higher than that in Harbin area.(4)The application of bio microbial fertilizer and fulvic acid could significantly increase potato yield and commercial potato rate,increase potato yield by 6.01%~27.3%,increase the rate of commercial potato by 4.1%~8.4%,A1 treatment(Yishengyuan broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer)and B4 treatment(Potato ecological formula fertilizer)yield the highest,A2 treatment(microbial fertilizer)and B3 treatment(Woertian microbial fertilizer)the highest rate of commercial potato.The Dong Nong 311 variety are the highest among the four varieties,the highest rate of commercial sweet potato is Kexin13 variety.There was a very significant difference between the yield and the rate of commercial potato between the two sites.In the test A,the yield of Nehe was significantly higher than that in Harbin,while the test B was significantly higher in Harbin than in Nehe.(5)The incidence of potato scab was significantly reduced by bio bacterial fertilizer and fulvic acid.The incidence of potato scab treated by A1 treatment(Yishengyuan broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer)and A2 treatment(microbial fertilizer)in A was the lowest,and the disease index of A1 treatment(Yishengyuan broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer)was the lowest and the control effect was the highest.The lowest incidence of B4 treatment(Potato ecological formula fertilizer)was observed in test B,and the lowest disease index and highest control efficacy under B3 treatment(Woertian microbial fertilizer).Among the four varieties Yan Shu 4 has the lowest incidence,the lowest disease index and the best control effect.The incidence of Harbin is slightly higher than that in Nehe,the disease index is lower than that of Nehe,and the control effect is better than that of Nehe.(6)The application of biological fertilizer and fulvic acid can significantly improve the economic benefits of potatoes.A1 treatment(Yishengyuan broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer)and B4 treatment(Potato ecological formula fertilizer)have the largest profit compared with the other three treatments. |
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