| In the paddy field of cold area,the low temperature accumulation and short growth period have limited the improvement of rice production capacity and quality.As the most important food crop of China's population,rice is used to solve the contradiction between the actual needs of large-scale rice production and local climate conditions,and the introduction of advanced breeding techniques and the favorable conditions for the global warming of the world.Development creates conditions for agricultural production.It is self-evident that it is important to study the factors that influence the increase of production,and it is also an important instruction for the in-depth implementation of the strategy of“storing grain in the ground and storing grain in technology”.In recent years,the scale of agricultural production has gradually expanded,and the agricultural industry system is undergoing changes.The industry tends to be divided,and various ancillary facilities perform their duties.At the same time,the land remediation project also requires the use of agricultural land for facilities,especially for agricultural sheds.Optimize the layout,effectively save and intensively use every inch of land,and not waste land.The improvement of actual production,economic benefits and optimization of the spatial distribution pattern brought about by the study of its development history are of great significance to the development of mechanization in the cold paddy field and the promotion of land remediation projects.This study was conducted in the Qixing Farm Science and Technology Park in Handan District to carry out practical rice cultivation experiments and analysis of space allocation and layout patterns for the breeding sheds,combined with field surveys,full-scale trial tracking records,and the last five years of breeding shed size statistics and farm remote sensing images.The research on the interpretation of the breeding and breeding sheds and other aspects summarized the advantages and deficiencies brought about by the large-scale development of the seven-star farm in recent years.This paper analyzes and optimizes the layout of the seven-star farm breeding shed land and summarizes its characteristics,so as to provide reference for the use of seedling sheds in the same area.At the same time,the paper also analyzes the influence of various aspects of the quality of seedlings from the sheds to the middle sheds to the sheds mode of rice seedlings in the nursery shed,and measures the rice yield in the later period of growth and maturity of Honda,and comprehensively compares the traditional sheds and standard sheds.Advantages and disadvantages between Super and Cultivation of seedling sheds.The main research content and conclusions are as follows:(1)Analysis of the effects of different shelving styles on the quality and yield of rice seedlings.During the education period,the temperatures in the super cultivation of seedling sheds and standard cultivation of seedling sheds from April 19 to April 27 were all higher than those in the sheds.The warming effect of the cultivation of seedling sheds was obvious.After April 25,the temperature in the cultivation of seedling sheds tended to be warm,and the temperature could be achieved.Control the advantages.The effects of seedling quality on plant height,root height,root weight,stem width and other indicators,the overall performance of the cultivation of seedling sheds shed is better than the small shed,and the weak seedling rate in the super-cultivation of seedling sheds is 10%lower than the standard seedlings.From transplanting to maturity,the standard cultivation of seedling sheds and superhouses have a period of about 7 days ahead of traditional sheds,which solves the problem of the short growing period in the cold paddy fields.In the mature period,the seedlings cultivated in the superhouses have the highest output,the standard cultivation of seedling sheds,and the traditional sheds are the least.The actual yield of rice grown in super cultivation of seedling sheds is 9301.5 kg/hm~2,and the actual output of traditional small sheds is 8632.5 kg/hm~2,Super cultivation of seedling sheds raise the yield of rice by 289.5kg/hm~2compared to standard cultivation of seedling sheds.In 2016,there were 14,300 standard cultivation of seedling sheds on Qixing Farm,which could bear 52,400 hm~2 of Honda,which could improve total rice production if it were converted into a super cultivation of seedling sheds 15.18 million kg.(2)Analysis on the Change of Scale and Distribution Characteristics of cultivation of seedlings Shelter Land.The area of Qixing farm paddy field is continuously expanding,and the number of nursery sheds is increasing year by year.In 2009,the number of nursery sheds was14,000.As of 2017,the scale reached 17,548.In 2017,the land occupied by Qixing farms for breeding sheds was 1370.69 hm2,accounting for a ratio of 1.18%.The construction of super sheds began in 2012.As of 2017,the number of 1,500 buildings has increased to 2,969.The expansion of super sheds has become a trend for the construction of nursery sheds in the cold water field.In2016,the construction scale of the Qixings Farming Rafting Shed has reached 17,048,and it can bear 7,709,900 hm~2 in Honda,while the Qixing Farm's 2016 paddy field area was 67,300 hm~2.The fertile seedlings in the nursery shed have exceeded the actual paddy field area,and some of the nursery sheds are idle.In the state,there is a situation where the farming shed site is wasted.Based on the analysis of the nearest neighbor index,half of Qixing Farm's management area has a discrete layout of the spatial pattern of the nursery shed.The spatial distribution density of the nursery shed land in this area shows a gradual increase from the west to the east,and the land for the breeding shed is relatively scattered.Seven of the seven management areas in Qixing farms have R value of less than 1 in 5 management areas.The breeding sites of these management areas show a state of agglomeration and distribution,and the distribution is reasonable.The nearest neighbors in the remaining management areas tend to be consistent,and they are all greater than one.In this part of the management area,the space for the breeding sheds is discrete.In the sixth management area,the nearest index of the land used for breeding sheds was 1 with a random distribution.The total satisfaction rate of Qixing Farming cultivation of seedling sheds land is102%,and the satisfaction degree of all management areas is mostly over 80%.Among them,there are 4 management areas with more than 100%satisfaction.The service area exceeds the actual demand of the watershed,which results in some breeding shelters Idle state.The remaining management areas are about 80%satisfied.Some of them can be transported by neighboring management areas.The seventh and eighth management areas need to be optimized.(3)Analysis of layout standard and space optimization of cultivation of seedlings shelter land.According to the site selection and construction standards of Qixing Farming Nursery Shed,the area of a single standard breeding shed is 0.036 hm~2,and the service area for the service of Honda is 3.34-4 hm~2;the area of the super cultivation of seedling sheds is 0.125 hm~2,and the service area for the service of Honda is 13.33 hm~2.The base has about 120 cultivation of seedling sheds and covers an area of about 6.32hm~2.The space for breeding sheds must be in a place where the lighting is good and the terrain is high.The shed spacing should be kept at about 2.5m.Through the analysis of the problems in the space allocation of the land for breeding sheds in various management areas,the seventh and eighth management areas with lower satisfaction levels are optimized,and unreasonable sheds and sheds are merged and transferred.The seventh management area is supplemented.There are 649 standard breeding sheds,and the supplementary shed covers an area of 23.36 hm~2.The eighth management area supplements standard 831 breeding sheds,and the supplementary shed covers an area of 29.92 hm~2.Based on the Qixing farm breeding shed layout model as a standard,it provides a reference for the overall reconstruction of the breeding shed in the ride district of the cold region. |
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