Preliminary Study On The Introduction Of Mediterranean Milk Buffalo And The Gene Expression Patterns Related To Milk Production

In order to accelerate the improvement of river buffalo breeds in southern China and improve the milk and meat performance of China's river buffaloes,59 high-yielding Italian Mediterranean milk buffaloes have been introduced from Italy,including 10 male buffalo and 49 female buffalo,aged 1 to 2.At the age of 3 years,Mediterranean dairy cows were observed for approxi-mately 3 years and their production performance was measured.16 candidate genes related to milk production traits were selected,3 high yield Italian Mediterranean milk buffaloes,3 low yield Italian Mediterranean milk buffaloes were selected as a group;3 Italian Mediterranean milk buffaloes and 3 Holstein dairy cows were grouped.The relative expression levels of the candidate genes in the two groups of test samples were detected to find differences in gene expression.The test results are as follows:1.Introduce 59 high-yielding Italian Mediterranean milk buffaloes from Italy,and observe adaptability observation and production performance of Mediterranean dairy cows for the past 3 years.The results showed that the average adult bull weight of Mediterranean milk buffalo introduced was 814.1 kg and the average weight of female buffalo was 601.8 kg.The average sperm concentration of the bull extract was 1.225 billion/mL,and the average sperm activity was 0.54.The average fertility rate of the artificial insemination of cows was 35.16%,the average age at first birth was 1 299.8 days,and the average number of days of pregnancy was 310.44 days.The amount of milk was 2 011.3 kg,and the number of first lactation days was 300 d.The amount of milk produced was 2 818.3 kg.2.Three Mediterranean high-yield buffalo and low-buffalo buffaloes were selected for the introduction of Mediterranean water buffaloes.The composition of the milk was analyzed,and the gene expression patterns related to milk production traits were preliminary explored.The results showed that high milk production Mediterranean buffalo and low milk production Mediterranean There was no significant difference in milk fat and milk protein content between buffalo milk components(P>0.05),and there was a significant difference in milk production(P<0.05).Among the genes associated with milk proteins,the differences in CSN1S1,lg-?,STAT5b,PPARG,and SCD were significant(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in CSN1S2,CSN2,CSN3,Abcg2 and PRLR genes(P>0.05).The expression level of high-yield milk buffalo in the SCD gene was significantly higher than that in the low-yield milk buffalo,and the relative expression level was 110.76.However,the relative expression of PPARG gene in high-yielding Mediterranean buffalo was only 0.03 that of low-buffalo buffalo;the genes related to milk fat expression were GHR,STST5a,DGAT1,SREBF1,1g-?,SCD,FASN and PPARG(P<0.05).,Abcg2,PRLR gene difference was not significant(P>0.05).Among them,the number of high-yield milk buffaloes of the SCD gene was significantly higher than that of the low-yield milk buffalo,with the relative expression level being 110.76.The lowest was the GHR gene,and the high-yielding milk buffalo expressed only 0.01,while in the milk-producing genes,GHR,The differences of STAT5b,DGAT1,and 1g-? genes were significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in PRLR,CSN3,Abcg2,and INSIG2 genes(P>0.05).Among them,the expression of DGAT1 high-yield milk buffalo was 6.58 times that of low-buffalo milk buffalo.The lowest is the GHR gene,and the high-yielding milk buffalo expressed only 0.01 times less than the low-yielding buffalo.3.Three Italian dairy cows and three Holstein dairy cows in mid-lactation were selected to analyze their milk constituents,and the gene expression patterns related to milk production traits were preliminary explored.There was a significant difference in the composition of milk components between Mediterranean milk buffalo and Holstein cows(P<0.05).The lactose content of the Mediterranean buffalo was lower than that of the Holstein cows,while the other components were higher than the Holstein cows.Among the genes associated with milk protein,CSN1S1,CSN1S2,CSN2,CSN3,lg-?,STAT5b,PPARG and SCD were significantly different(P<0.05).Abcg2,PRLR gene difference was not significant(P>0.05).Among them,the PPARG gene of Mediterranean milk buffalo was significantly higher than that of Holstein cows.The expression level was 222.74 times that of Holstein cows,and the lowest was the Abcg2 gene.The Mediterranean milk buffalo expressed only 0.84 times that of Holstein dairy cows;Among the related genes,GHR,DGAT1,SREBF1,1g-?,SCD,FASN,and PPARG were significantly different(P<0.05).Abcg2,PRLR,and STST5a genes were not significantly different(P>0.05).Among them,the expression of PPARG gene in Mediterranean milk buffalo was significantly higher than that in Holstein cows.The relative expression level was 222.74,and the lowest was DGAT1 gene.The relative expression of Mediterranean milk buffalo was 0.09 times that of Holstein cows but it was related to milk production.Among the genes,GHR,STAT5b,DGAT1,and 1g-? were significantly different(P<0.05),and PRLR,CSN3,Abcg2,and INSIG2 genes were not significantly different(P>0.05).The expression of the DGAT1 high-yield milk buffalo was 6.58 times lower than that of the low-yield buffalo,and the lowest was the GHR gene.The high-yield milk buffalo expressed only 0.01 times of the low-yield buffalo.