Genetic Diversity Soybean Cultivar Released Based On TRAP Marker In Huang Huaihai And South China

Soybean [Clycine Max(l.)Merr.] is an extremely important economic and food crop in the world.It has been cultivated more than 5000 years in China.Long-term natural and artificial selection has formed a large number of local varieties adapted to different geographical,climatic conditions and processing and utilization requirements,which provides a rich resource base for modern soybean breeding.The breeding of soybean varieties with high yield,stable yield and high quality has improved by the soybean science breeding in China in the past 100 years.From 1923 to 2005,China has product more than 1300 soybean varieties,as two major soybean producing areas in China,the Huang-huai-hai region and the southern region revealed the genetic diversity and genetic structure characteristics of the soybean cultivars there,conserved,utilized and developed the soybean germplasm resources,and formulated the breeding program.,it has great significance in choice parents.Molecular marker technique(RAPD,SSR,SRAP,TRAP,etc.)has been widely used in the study of the relationship between plant relatives and evolutionary relationships.The TRAP molecular marker technology,as a new molecular marker technology developed in 2003 has the advantages of accuracy,high sensitivity,simple operation,good repeatability,high efficiency and rich polymorphism,it is an ideal molecular markers of the construction for constructing genetic maps.Research on the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the Huang-huai-hai and Southern cultivars is of great significance for the preservation of soybean planting resources,the development of breeding programs,and the selection and selection of parents.The results of the study are as follows:The two have different Tm value within a set of primers screening test for temperature gradient?The annealing temperature was set at 50±5°C on a PCR machine.The temperature of the 12 gradients was automatically generated by the machine: namely 44.9 ?,45.6 ?,46.4 ?,47.2 ?,48.3 ?,49.3 ?,50.5 ?,51.6 ?,52.8 ?,53.7 ?,54.6 ?,55.1 ?.One sample from each province was selected for primer screening experiments.84 primers were tested and the final select 21 pairs of primers.Some primer pairs can amplify better bands in high temperature regions,while others perform better in low temperature regions,some perform best in the middle region,and some are at high temperatures.Choose the clear one as the final experimental results.The difference between the Tm values is the maximum of the primer b7a4,the difference is 9.1,the minimum is b2a4,and the difference is 0.1.The common feature is that the best performing annealing temperature is in the middle of the Tm value of the two primers.There are 21 pairs of primers selected to analyze the genetic diversity of 158 soybean cultivars.436 clear bands were amplified,and 68886 polymorphic loci were detected,each primer stripe number between 18 to 26,the average is 20.7,B8a4 is the most amplified strip,has 26 locus,and primers B2a4,B3a4,and B7a4 were the least only 18 locus.Shannon's information index(I)ranges from 0.4922 ~ 0.6792.The range of the Nei's genetic diversity index was 0.4157-0.6426.Software NTSYS showed the analyse results of UPGMA data,where the coefficient similarity D=0.58,158 soybean varieties divided into three categories: the first category had four varieties,the second category consists of two varieties,third categories 152 varieties.The use of software MEGA divided 158 soybean varieties to four categories,the first kind of 14 varieties,the second category of only one species,the third type of three varieties,the fourth class 140 varieties.Because of the high quality of breeding in the Huang-huai-hai and southern China,the varieties with similar geographical sources did not get together completely.The correlation of TRAP functional molecular markers was detected by NTSYS software,the correlation coefficient was r = 0.90026,Popgene software was used to calculate the genetic distance between the Huang-Huai-Hai and the southern soybean provinces based on TRAP molecular markers,the maximum distance was 0.9778 and the minimum was 0.0225.The maximum genetic distance between each period is 0.9807 and the minimum is 0.0195,software CanniCo5.0 detect the genetic distance between the Huang-Huai-Hai and southern region soybean varieties based on TRAP functional molecular markers.Some individuals have a long genetic distance.It can be used as a new variety to expand the reserve of genetic diversity.