| Carya cathayensis is mainly distributed in Tianmu Mountain area centered on Ling'an,Zhejiang.Because of its high nutritional value,it has been popular among people,and has become the main source of income for forest farmers in this area.With the development of the industry,the ecological problems of the traditional Carya cathayensis forest are becoming more and more serious.For this reason,experts have put forward a variety of ecological management models,such as the setting of isolation belts,interplanting crops,and changing the mode of fertilization.As an important component of biodiversity,insect diversity is a very important part of the ecosystem.It can indirectly reflect the biological and environmental changes of the ecosystem.In this study,we used Malaise trap,light trap and quadrat survey to investigate insect pests in Carya cathayensis forests under four different management modes in 2016-2017 years(No.1 forest: wild Carya cathayensis forest;No.2 forest: planting vegetation under Carya cathayensis forest;No.3 forest: traditional Carya cathayensis forest;No.4 forest: organic management Carya cathayensis forest).And data is calculated and analyzed by using Excel2013 and SPSS19.0 software.Results were obtained as follows:1.A total of 22,283 insect specimen were collected,belonging to 163 species,84 families and 9 orders.The specie numbers of Coleoptera,Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera were the most.Each is 26.99%,16.56%,14.72% of the total.The individual numbers of Homoptera,Orthoptera and Diptera were most.Each is 53.54%?14.28%?11.10% of total.2.In Carya cathayensis forests under four different management modes,They had a most species number of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera and a individuals number of Homoptera and Orthoptera.According to the analysis of characteristic index,it is found that No.1 forest and No.2 forest have better diversity and richer species,No.3 forest and No.4 forest have higher dominance and obvious dominant species.The analysis of the insect community characteristics in Carya cathayensis forests under four different management modes found that the difference of insect community in No.1 forest and No.2 was smaller than other forests.The diversity of No.3 forest was significantly lower than other forests,and the dominance was significantly higher than other forests.There were obvious dominant species and the community stability was poor(P < 0.05).3.In the time dynamic analysis,it was found that the specie numbers and individual numbers of phytophagous insects were the most,and other functional insects were close,at all stages in Carya cathayensis forests under four different management modes.And also the trend of functional insects in different time is basically the same.4.In the stability analysis,it was found that the Sn/Sp ratio of No.4 forest was the highest,and the complexity and mutual restriction ability of the food network in the community was higher;the ratio of St/Si in No.1 forest was the highest,and the structure of insect community was more stable than other species.5.Principal component analysis showed that,the specie number and individual number of predation,and the individual number of parasitism played a leading role in the change of No.1 forest's insect community.The individual number of Predation and Neutral insect played a leading role in the change of No.2 forest's insect community.The specie number of neutral insect,boring,phytophagous and parasitism played a leading role in the change of No.3 forest's insect community.the specie number and individual number of parasitism,the individual number of predation,and the specie number and individual number of boring played a leading role in the change of No.4 forest's insect community.6.Similarity analysis found that when the measure was five,insect communities in Carya cathayensis forests under four different management modes can be divided into 3 groups: one is No.2 forest and No.4 forest,one is No.3 forest and the other is No.1 forest. |
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