Design And Test Of Electric Drive Wheat Drill

The Huanghuaihai area is the main wheat growing area in China and the wheat and corn rotation planting pattern is mostly used.Owing to the poor quality of tillage,short sowing time and uneven mechanical level,the quality of wheat seeding is difficult to guarantee.Consistency of seeding depth and seeding uniformity are important indicators for evaluating the quality of wheat seeding.The existing wheat seeder mainly uses the way of ground wheel driving seeder to sow,and when the field environment is complex,there are some problems,such as the instability of the transmission system and the difficulty of adjusting the sowing depth,and so on,resulting in the leakage,the uneven sowing quantity and the inconsistency of the sowing depth,thus affecting the quality of the wheat sowing.On the basis of studying and analyzing the existing wheat seeder at home and abroad,the electric drive wheat seeder,including the structure of the sowing machine,the main components and the electric drive sowing system,is designed to solve the problem of the sowing depth and the uniformity of sowing quantity.The main research work includes the following aspects:The structure of electric driven wheat seeder was designed.In order to improve the sowing performance of the wheat seeder through the improvement and design of the external grooves wheel seed metering device and spiral soil leveling device,two kinds of wheat and corn planting patterns were put forward on the basis of the design of the planter.The implementation plan of the project is determined and the wheat seeding system driven by electricity is designed.The speed sensor is used to detect the speed of the operation.The DC brushless motor is used to drive the wheat seed metering device.The speed of the motor is controlled by the PWM signal.The speed of the seed metering can follow the change of the working speed,and the wheat seed is distributed evenly in the field.The design and selection of the system hardware of the control processing module,the speed measuring module,the human-computer interaction module,the data storage and transmission module,the executive mechanism and the power supply boost module,including the design of each module circuit and the calculation of the motor power;the system software design includes the main program design and the human-computer interface design,which is established.The function relation model is established,and the T method and the M method are determined.A closed loop control system is used to establish the motor model of the system,and a fuzzy PID controller is designed to simulate the electric driven wheat seeding system.The simulation results show that the system using fuzzy PID control has no overshoot in the system,and the dynamic response is fast,which improves the control accuracy.Complete the prototype production,carry out indoor test and field test.The laboratory test results show that the motor speed and seed metering performance of the electric drive wheat seeder are calibrated.The function of the motor speed n and PWM value a is n=23.716a+3.562,and the feasibility of the motor speed method is verified,and the function relationship between the seed metering and the speed of the seed metering device under different working length is obtained.The maximum deviation rate of the control precision is 6.83% and the minimum is 0.31% in the different working conditions,and the stability is best under the medium speed and middle speed state,and the average deviation is less than 2.5%.The field test results show that the deviation of the connecting distance between the seeding and the sowing is within 4 cm,and the coefficient of variation is 6.5%.Under two planting patterns,the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity is 5.64%,6.04%,the qualified rate of sowing depth is 90%,and the emergence of seedlings is good.The seeding machine can ensure good uniformity of seeding uniformity and sowing depth,and the sowing rate is convenient to adjust.In a word,based on the characteristics of wheat planting in the Huanghuaihai area,an electric drive wheat seeder was designed,the prototype was completed,and the indoor test and field performance test were carried out,and the precision seeding of the wheat was realized.