Study On Reduction And Application Of Fertilizer For Feed Corn In Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area

In view of the problems of low water and fertilizer use efficiency,easy soil compaction,and low yield in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area,with feed corn "Zhengda 12" as test material,field experiments were conducted to study the application of N,P and K combined fertilizers and organic fertilizer replacement for feeding purposes.Influences of corn growth and development,dry matter and nutrient accumulation,and soil nutrient content,etc.,To discuss the appropriate reduction of chemical fertilizer application rate and nutrient demand during the whole growth period for forage maize in here,in order to discuss the development of forage maize in the Yellow River irrigation district.Planting provides scientific basis.The main results of this experiment are as follows:1.Through the analysis of indicators of plant height,stem diameter,SPAD value,dry matter accumulation,etc.in each growth stage,it was shown that nitrogen had the greatest impact on the growth and development of maize,followed by phosphorus and potassium respectively;corn plants were responsible for nitrogen and phosphorus.The absorption of potassium nutrients was the highest in nitrogen,followed by potassium and phosphorus.In the whole growth period,the dry matter accumulation and N,P and K nutrient uptake of maize were all "S" absorption curves;dry matter accumulation rate The fastest is the tasseling jointing period to the milk ripening period,so nutrient supplements should be paid attention before tasseling jointing stage and corn filling stage.The accumulation of nutrients in maize reached its maximum during the mature period.During the later growth period,the nutrients in the roots,stems,leaves,tassels,temporal lobes,and cobs shifted to the growth center,and the nutrient content decreased to varying degrees.The nutrient contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the late grain accounted for more than 60%of the total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of the whole maize plant.2.The balanced application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium could significantly promote the growth index of maize plant height,stem diameter,SPAD,dry matter accumulation and net photosynthetic rate;the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium harvest index of fertilizer application area was 75.5%and 75.1 respectively.%,68.9%,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium fertilizer utilization rate were 35.3%,38.8%,54.7%.The yield of NPK treatment increased by 40.8%,24.6%,16.1%and 6.7%respectively compared with CK,PK,NK and NP treatments.This indicated that balanced application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium could significantly increase maize yield.Nitrogen deficiency had the greatest impact on corn yield,followed by phosphorus and potassium,respectively.In the production practice,the combination of N,P,and K fertilizers should be used to help achieve high yields.3.With the increase of fertilizer application rate of drip irrigation,the plant height,stem growth rate and dry matter accumulation rate showed a slow-fast-slow trend,and the plant height,stem diameter,SPAD value and dry matter of fertilizer reduction 40%-60%.The best accumulation amount is significantly higher than the treatment with high bio-organic fertilizer ratio.Treatment with 40%chemical fertilizer and 40%bio-organic fertilizer can significantly increase the net photosynthetic rate and promote the accumulation of dry matter.This treatment also significantly increases the ear length,ear weight,ear weight and 100-grain weight and other agronomic characteristics.The traits;yield,net income,and production-to-investment ratio were all maximized under the OF4 treatment,which was 20.01 t/hm2 and 32,600 t/hm2,respectively.It shows that the maximum dry matter accumulation and maximum net income can be obtained when the nitrogen balance in the two fertilizers is based on 60%nitrogen supply(40%nitrogen reduction)and 40%bioorganic fertilizer.