Effect Of Fertilizer Combined Application On Growth, Quality, Nutrient Absorption And Utilization Of Broccoli

The experiment was in Yuzhong county, Lanzhou city, Gansu province, where is themain producing area of dehydrated vegetables. Taking local fertilizing amount ascomparison, the experiment studied on the influence of fertilizer reduced20%,30%and40%with biological fertilizer on growth and development, quality, photosynthetic, nutrientabsorption and utilization and soil physical and chemical properties of broccoli. The aim ofthe experiment was to offer reasonable fertilization scheme and theory basis of high quality,green, high yield, sustainable production of local broccoli. The main study results are asfollows:1. Compared with local fertilizing amount, fertilizer reduced20%was not reducedgrowth and development of broccoli, but reduced applying fertilizer amount and reduced theproduction of inputs. Too much fertilizer decrement（reduced40%） significantly influencedthe growth and development of broccoli. Plant height, stem diameter, number of blades andexpansion separately reduced15.04%,8.86%-11.77%,8.70%and24.33%-41.77%. Theeffect of fertilizer with biological fertilizer on growth and development of broccoli in seasonwas not remarkable.2.Fertilizer decrement increased content of Vc（3.62%-4.04%）, and reduced solublesugar and soluble solid of broccoli（12.04%-16.48%and8.92%-16.22%）. The content ofnitrate was first reduced and then increased with the increase of applying quantity ofchemical fertilizer. Nitrate was the lowest when fertilizer reduced30%with biologicalfertilizer of broccoli（lower19.85%than comparison）.3. Fertilizer reduced caused reduce of economic yield and above-ground biomass ofbroccoli in picking time, which reduced3.72%-5.10%and4.62%-7.69%. But the economiccoefficient increased. The recovery amount of broccoli increased in the early harvest whenfertilizer increased20%and30%, but increased when fertilizer increased40%. Fertilizerwith biological fertilizer increased the recovery amount of broccoli in the early harvest.4. Fertilizer increased40%significantly increased the content of available NPK andthe number of microorganisms in the soil at later stage of broccoli growth,and the content oforganic matter.But decreased the total effect of NPK content in soil before planting andpotassium content after harvesting, which decrease16.03%,12.96%,7.35%,8.52%thancomparison.Fertilizer and bio-fertilizer combined application played a positive role inincreasing the number of microorganisms and the content of available NPK in the soil.5. Fertilizer reduction had decreased nitrogen and phosphorus content significantly of stem and leaves,nitrogen content of ball-flower, nitrogen and potassium content of toot. Butincreased phosphorus content of ball-flower. While potassium content of ball-flower androot increased firstly and then decreased with fertilizer reduction. Bio-fertilizer played animportant role in regulating the NPK content. Fertilizer reduction decreased the NPKabsorbed amount of functional leaves, N absorbed amount of ball-flower, N and K absorbedamount of the whole plant. Too much fertilizer （control） and too little （reduced40%） reducedthe distribution ratio of nutrients in the ball-flower,while increased the distribution ratio ofnutrients in the stem and leaves.6. Compared with local fertilizing amount, fertilizer increased40%had decreased netphotosynthetic rate of broccoli leaves （lower23.08%than comparison）,increasedintercellular CO₂concentration and the transpiration rate（14.57%and26.23%）; but there isno significant difference in the net photosynthetic rate、intercellular CO₂concentration andthe transpiration rate of broccoli leaves when fertilizer reduction20%,while stomatalconductance increased significant. And indicated fertilizer and bio-fertilizer combinedapplication had no impact on photosynthesis of broccoli.Concludes by all indicators: Fertilizer reduction20%:N139.2+P2O5204.0+K2O74.88(kg·hm^-2) and750kg·hm-2“Bio” bio-fertilizer combined application was the besttreatment that improved the quality of rhizosphere environment and benefited the growth ofbroccoli,suggestions to promote in the local region.