Construction Of WaspBase Database And Analysis Of Expansion And Contraction Of Gene Families In Parasitic Wasps

DNA sequencing technology is an important research methods to explore the secret of life.With the continuous development of sequencing technology,the cost of sequencing is dramatically decreased,the genome data is constantly increasing.As one of the most abundant species on the earth,insects are closely related to human life.Insect pests reduce yield and cause economic losses,which are major problems in agriculture.Parasitic wasps are the natural enemies of many agricultural pests and thus have been widely used as biological control agents.The genome and transcriptome data are extremely important for entomological researches in the genomic era.In this paper,we constructed a database WaspBase and carried out comparative genomics analysis of gene families.The main results are as follows:1.Construction of WaspBasePlants,phytophagous insects,and parasitic wasps form a tritrophic food chain.Understanding the interactions in this tritrophic system should be helpful for not only developing parasitic wasps for pest control but also for deciphering the mechanisms of parasitism.However,the gene resources for this tritrophic system are not well-organized.Here,we describe WaspBase,a new database that we constructed,which contains 573 transcriptomes of 33 parasitic wasps,and the genomes of 12 parasitic wasps,5 insect hosts,and 8 plants.In addition,we identified long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),untranslated regions(UTR)and 25 widely-studied gene families from the genome and transcriptome data of these species.WaspBase provides conventional web services such as BLAST,search,and download,together with several widely-used tools such as HMMER,MAFFT,trimAl,and JBrowse.We also present a collection of active researchers in the field of parasitic wasps,which should be useful for constructing scientific networks in this field.2.Genome-wide analysis of expansion and contraction of gene families in parasitic waspswe carried out gene family analysis of nine parasitic wasps,including 4 species in Braconidae,4 species in Chalcidodae and 1 species in caudal.Genome-level analysis showed these wasps shared common features of gene expansion and contraction.However,differences in terms of gene expansion and contraction were also observed in two different subfamilies of Braconidae or Chalcidodae.The gene families which expand or contract in 3 or more wasp species were analyzed,showed that the gene families related to cell movement and nutrient synthesis were contracted,and the genes related to metabolism and genetic material synthesis were expanded significantly.In the agroecological system,the use of chemical pesticides for a long time can not only cause the area of drug resistance,will also kill parasites.If the parasitic wasps conti causing very serious consequences,but as an important means of biological control of parasitic wasps,construct data sharing platform about parasitic wasps and genome-wide analysis of expansion and contraction of gene families in parasitic wasps,it is very important for the stability of ecosystem and the protection of ecological environment.