Phylogeography Of The Domestication Of Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.

Loquat(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)which belongs to Rosaceae and is the only species used for cultivation among more than 20 Eriobotrya species.Loquat is an important fruit tree originated in China with many cultivars and wide distribution across China.So the domestication of loquat has very important reference value to understand the origin of the ancient farming civilization,development,spread and so on.Phylogeography is a new subject.Through all the samples of the typical individuals in the entire distribution of a species,the phylogenetic tree is constructed according to the result of the allele sequence of the individual.The comprehensive analysis combined with samples in the geographical position,it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the species genetic variation or historical causes of the current distribution.This experiment was conducted to investigate the wild germplasm resources of 47 populations in Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou,Hubei,Hunan,Guangdong,Guangxi and other distribution area.Then all together 285 samples of loquat were obtained for this study.cp DNA haplotype analyses were performed with all these wild common loquat population,while some 240 samples were used in SSR analyses to construct phylogenetic trees.And main results are as follows,(1)The cpDNA analysis clearly showed that the Shimian(Sichuan province)was the origin center of the loquat,and then distributed mainly from the central Huizhou to Hubei,Hunan,Yunnan,Guangxi,Guangdong and other places and formed a small domesticated branch in southwest Guizhou,and no further domestication process was investigated after that,which the main cause is not clear yet.(2)40 pairs of primers were designed based on SSR marker developed by loquat research group,in which 31 primers can amplify the target segments corresponding to the expected length and among them,16 pairs of primers can amplify the ideal PCR product,which accounted for 51.6% of the amplified polymorphic primers.In the genetic structure analysisof loquat population based on SSR,it was found that there were two main categories,which were roughly similar to the cp DNA haplotype analysis,but there were some nonsignificant differences.Therefore,we speculated that the Shimian(Sichuan province)might be the center of the domestication of common loquat,and then spread to the surrounding provinces through Guizhou.