The Development Of Trace Elements Chelated In Fermented Soybean Meal And Its Application In Weaning Piglets

The present study were conducted to evaluate the influence of fermentation conditions on the soybean hydrolysis of the soybean meal and the effects of trace elements addition on the protein hydrolysis and trace elements chelation rate,the effects of the fermented soybean meal supplemented Cu?Mn and Zn elements on the growth performance,antioxidant capacity and immune function in weaning piglets were also observed,which were used to provide a theoretical basis for the application of fermented soybean meal in diets of weanling piglets.(1)With single factor experiments,the effects of fermentation temperature,time and the ratio of soybean meal and water on the soybean hydrolysis rate were investigated.The results showed that,the soybean hydrolysis rate were gradually increased with increase of fermentation temperature,and the optimum fermentation temperature ranged from 35 to 40?,the soybean hydrolysis rate also increased with the ratio of soybean and water increased,and came to the highest value at the ratio 10:12,the hydrolysis rate also increased with the extension of fermentation time and reached maximum value when treaed for 216 h.with the prolong of fermentation time,gradually improve the hydrolysis degree of protein when reached 216 h,the highest degree of hydrolysis.(2)A single factor experiments were designed to investigate the effects trace elements addition on soybean hydrolysis and elements chelation rate of the fermented soybean meal,in which the different amount of trace elements Cu?Mn and Zn were added according the NRC standard of pig(3~20kg).The results indicated that with the increase of Cu?Mn and Zn addition,the hydrolysis rate of fermented soybean meal tend to decline.The chelation rate of Mn and Zn were tend to decline with the increasing of Mn and Zn supplementation,wheras the chelation rate of Cu were not significantly affected with increasing of Cu addition(P>0.05).In the interactive tests,the hydrolysis rate of the fermented soybean meal were not significantly affected by the different elements addition(P>0.05),but the chelation rate of the certain element were significantly affected by the supplementation of the other two elements(P<0.05).(3)In order to investigate the effects of the fermented soybean meal supplemented Cu?Mn and Zn elements on growth performance and nutrients digestibility in weaning piglets. Single factor randomized design was adopted and 192 clinical healthy Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire weanling piglets,with approximately same initial body weight,were randomly divided into 4 groups.Group of dry fermented soybean meal(Group 1 and 2)were fed common and trace elements chelated dry fermented soybean meal respectively,and Group of fresh fermented soybean meal(Group 3 and 4)were fed common and fresh trace elements chelated fermented soybean meal.Results : In prior phase,there were no differences(P>0.05)on growth performance among the 4 groups.In later phase,the piglets in Group of fresh fermented soybean meal(Group 3 and 4)had significant lower(P<0.05)average daily feed intake(ADFI)and lower(P<0.05)ratio of feed to gain(F/G)than that of other groups,no significant differences of the average daily gain(ADG)were observed among four groups(P>0.05).Digestibility of crude protein(CP)in group of fresh fermented soybean meal were higher(P<0.05)and digestibility of crude fiber(CF)were lower(P<0.05)than that of group of dry fermented soybean meal,and the digestibility of Mn in group 1 and 2 were higher(P<0.05)than that in group 3 and 4,the digestibility of Mn in group 2 were higher(P<0.05)than that of other groups.There were no differences(P>0.05)on digestibility of Cu among the 4 groups.It can be infer that the growth performance of group 3 and 4 were improved by fresh fermented soybean meal and the digestibility of trace elements were higher in the trace elements chelated fermented soybean meal group(group 2 and 4).(4)The serum biochemical parameters,antioxidant capacity and immunfunction of the weaning piglets fed different ferment soybean meal were detected subsequently.After the feeding experiments above.The results showed that the serum urea nitrogen(BUN)content,serum total protein(TP)and albumin(ALB)level had no significant differences(P>0.05)among the 4 groups.The total cholesterol(TCH)content and low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)in group 1 and 2 were significantly lower(P<0.05)and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity significantly higher(P<0.05)than the other groups,the glutathione(GSH)content in group 2 and 4 were significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of group 1 and 3 respectively.while,the lysozyme and immunoglobulin G(Ig G)content of and stimulus index(SI)of T lymphocytes had no difference(P>0.05)among the 4 groups.The results above meant that the serum antioxidant capacity could be improved by fresh fermented soybean meal and the trace elements chelated fermented soybean meal,while the immunfunction had no difference among the 4 groups.