Application Of Fermented Soybean Meal And Fermented Peanut Meal In Diets Of White Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei(Boone)

Exp.1 Effects of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal on growth, muscle composition and non-specific immunity of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei(Boone)The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal(FSM) on growth, muscle composition and non-specific immunity of the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei(Boone). Four diets were designed as control diet with 21% fish meal, and three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with 15% fish meal, in which 6% fish meal was replaced by FSM W305, W738, Y647, respectively. The four diets were fed to white shrimp with initial body weight of 5.1 g for 42 days. The results showed as follows: 1) There was no significant difference in survival rate among groups, and the control shrimp had the best growth. Among the three fermented soybean meal diets, Y647 group had the highest weight gain(WG) and the lowest feed conversion ratio(FCR), and reached the similar growth as control. Compared with control group, The WG of W305 and W738 group were significantly reduced, and FCR significantly increased(P<0.05). 2) There was no significant difference in moisture and protein contents in muscle, but W305 group had a higher crude fat content, and Y647 group had a lower crude ash in muscle, when compared with control group. 3) Shrimp fed diets containing FSM had higher PO activity, and shrimp fed W305 diet had higher T-SOD activity in hemolymph than that fed control diet(P<0.05). In conclusions, the above results indicated that FSM Y647 could substitute 6% fish meal in diet without negative influence on growth, while promoting PO activity in hemolymph of white shrimp. Exp.2 Effects of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal on growth, nutrient utilization and non-specific immunity of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei(Boone)The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal(FSM) on growth performance, nutrients utilization, activities of digestive enzymes in hepatopancreas and hemolymph non-specific immunity of the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei(Boone). Seven isonitrogenous diets were prepared by replacing 6% fish meal in positive control with soybean meal(negative control), FSM T468, P839, B356, Y918, respectively, and by replacing 9% fish meal in positive control with B356(B356-2). The seven diets were fed to white shrimp with initial body weight of 4.0 g for 42 days. The results showed as follows: 1) Trypsin inhibitor, allergenic-protein and macromolecular protein in soybean meal were partially degraded, and the concentrations of small molecular protein and small peptides were increased by fermenting. 2) Growth performance and nutrients utilization: compared with the negative control, the weight gain of shrimp fed diets containing FSM T468, P839, B356 and Y918 were increased by 16.7%, 12.0%, 9.9%, 11.9%(P<0.05), while the feed conversion ratio decreased by 18.1%, 13.7%, 12.6%, 14.7%(P<0.05), respectively, and reached the similar growth as positive control. Moreover, protein efficiency ratio, protein retention ratio, apparent digestibility of dry matter and protein of these groups were significantly higher than those of negative control(P<0.05). 3) Activities of hepatopancreas amylase and hemolymph SOD of shrimp fed diets containing FSM were significantly higher than those of negative control(P<0.05), and shrimp fed FSM P839 had higher activities of hepatopancreas protease and hemolymph PO than negative control(P<0.05). The above results indicated that fermentation can improve the availability of soybean meal, and 6% fish meal in shrimp diet can be replaced by fermented soybean meal without negative effects on growth of white shrimp.Exp.3 Effects of replacing fish meal with fermented peanut meal on growth, muscle composition and non-specific immunity of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei(Boone)The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing different levels fish meal with fermented peanut meal on growth, muscle composition and non-specific immunity of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei(Boone). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic were prepared by replacing 0.0%, 3.0%, 6.0%, 9.0% fish meal with varying fermented peanut meal(FPM) levels of 0.0%, 4.5%, 9.0% and 13.5%, respecticely. The four diets were fed to white shrimp with initial body weight of 5.1 g for 42 days. The results showed that WGR and FCR were not affected by FPM replacing 3.0% and 6.0% fish meal, but WGR was significantly reduced(P<0.05), and FCR was significantly increased(P<0.05) by FPM replacing 9.0% fish meal, when compared to control group. Moreover, muscle crude protein and hemolymph T-SOD activity in 13.5% FPM were significantly lower than those of control(P<0.05). 4.5% FPM group, but not 9.0%, 13.5% group showed higher hemolymph PO activity than control. The above results indicated that fermented peanut meal could substitute 6.0% fish meal in diet without negative influence on growth of white shrimp.