| 【Objectives】Hami has a cold,low air layer in winter,an extremely low minimum temperature of-32°C in winter,good atmospheric transparency,less cloud cover and abundant light energy resources,which are suitable for the development of facilities for the production of anti-seasonal vegetables.Traditional solar greenhouses have the problems of high cost,low land utilization,small space,and are unsuitable for mechanized operation.Therefore,in order to solve these problems,the new HM-120-55 tw solar greenhouse has been developed and utilized.In this experiment,a new type of Hami HM-120-55 tw "large span,high rear wall,long rear slope" brick and mixed sightseeing solar greenhouse was studied.The temperature and light performance and performance analysis were carried out from the winter to the spring.In order to meet the needs of the normal growth and development of the warm greenhouses in the solar greenhouse,the maximum production benefit and the solar greenhouse were obtained.It provides theoretical basis for design,construction,environmental regulation and crop management.【Methods】According to the experimental design,from November 7,2017(the early Winter)to February 4,2018(the early Spring),the use of Ectech Elitech RC-4 Series Temperature Recorder and Ectech Elitech RC-4hc Series Temperature and Humidity Recorder The Xima AS803 digital illuminance meter records the temperature,humidity,light intensity and other performance parameters of the solar greenhouse in winter automatically(illumination is recorded manually),and the data is extracted through the built-in software for analysis.【Results】The results show that:1)The temperature in horizontal direction of the tourist greenhouse was recorded from November 7,2017 to February 4,2018 with the highest average temperature in November and the lowest in December.The average temperature in the greenhouse is 18.68°C,and the average nighttime minimum temperature is above 15°C.The maximum temperature difference is 30°C.The average temperature is as follows: The sunny days’ temperature are greater than that of cloudy days.The temperature range of the horizontal temperature in the solar greenhouse is relatively small.The gables on both sides have low temperatures and high intermediate temperatures.Regardless of whether it is sunny or cloudy,the temperature of the room changes with the fluctuation of the outdoor temperature,showing a positive correlation.There is little temperature change in all areas of the greenhouse during the night.2)The average relative humidity in the horizontal direction of the tourist-type solar greenhouse during the period from November 7,2017 to February 4,2018 is 70.5%.The relative humidity in the greenhouse is generally high,and the relative humidity at night tends to be stable.The indoor and outdoor relative humidity are higher than the sunny indoor relative humidity.3)In the tourist-type solar greenhouse,the average horizontal illumination is 14230.71 lx.The brightest in February is 19676.94 lx,and the weakest in December is 12424.13 lx.The distribution of light intensity in the greenhouse is as follows: east gable <1/4 east gable <2/4east gable <3/4 east gable;rear wall <1/4 back wall <2/4 rear wall <3/4 back wall.The transparence in different spaces is as follows: <2/4 length at <1/4 length of the east gable <3/4length;<2/4 span <3/4 span at <1/4 span of the rear wall;The transmissivity of the three walls is: the back wall <East Gable <West Gable,the light transmittance of the back wall is the smallest,and the amount of transmitted light is the least,that is,the strength of the West is stronger than that of the West,and that of the strong south is weak,and the maximum light intensity is within the distance.The eastern wall is 1/4 in length and at a 3/4 span from the back wall.The minimum light intensity is 1/4 of the distance from the east wall and 1/4 of the distance from the back wall..4)The average ground temperature in the sightseeing type solar greenhouse is 19.69°C,the maximum ground temperature is 27.9°C,the minimum ground temperature is 11.3°C;the average ground temperature is 10.39°C,the maximum low temperature is 25.8°C,the minimum ground temperature is 10.7°C;the average ground temperature is 15 cm,and the highest ground temperature is 23.1°C,minimum ground temperature 10.7 °C.The ground temperature was highest in November and the ground temperature was lowest in December.There was a significant correlation between soil temperature at 5cm and 10 cm and room temperature under sunny conditions,and a correlation between 15 cm soil temperature and room temperature.On the cloudy days,0-15 cm soil layers were significantly correlated with room temperature,and the soil temperature changed with room temperature.The temperature of the ground is most affected by the room temperature;the sunny ground temperature is affected by the outdoor lighting in addition to the influence of room temperature.The deeper the soil depth,the smaller the change in the ground temperature,the lower the maximum temperature compared to the upper soil layer,the slower the temperature rise.【Conclusions】The new type HM-120-55 tw “long span,high back wall,long back slope” brick-mixed sightseeing type solar greenhouse in Hami City.The average temperature in deep winter season is 18.68°C,the average nighttime temperature is 15°C and the minimum temperatureis 8.6°C.The temperature is 36.3°C;The average light intensity in the winter is 14230.71 lx,the weakest is 12424.13 lx,the average sunshine is 8 and a half hours;The average light transmittance is 68.59%,the highest energy can reach 90%;The average air humidity in the greenhouse is 70.5.The average soil temperature in the 5cm soil layer is 19.69°C,the average soil temperature in the 10 cm soil layer is 19.80°C and the average soil temperature in the15 cm soil layer is 19.47°C.Under the conditions of no warming in greenhouse,the temperature and light performance in the greenhouse can satisfy the normal growth and development needs of thermophilic plants.Compared with the traditional solar greenhouse,it has the characteristics of strong heat insulation,good light transmission,high modernization,strong mechanically,good regulation and low operating cost.Therefore,it can be widely applied in Hami City. |
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