Research On The Discipline System Of Agricultural Science In Modern Times In The Early Republic Of China (1912-1927)

Early Republic of China(1912-1927)was an important period for the establishment and development of university disciplines.With a large number of students returning to the United States in agriculture and returning to the United States,the scale of agricultural science and the gradual improvement of the disciplinary system have brought agricultural science into an important period of development.Based on the connotation of Discipline Discipline as the theoretical basis and the agricultural sciences in the early Republic of China as the research object,this paper combs the disciplinary development of agro-institutionalization from 1912 to 1927,and summarizes the historical features and experiences of the construction of agricultural Discipline System.First,through historical facts,we will sort out the history of the establishment and development of agricultural science in modern universities.As early as in the late Ming Dynasty,through the introduction of Chinese missionaries in China,China had initially contacted Western agronomy.At the end of the Qing Dynasty,the agricultural science department was gradually established in modern universities in China,which promoted the transformation from traditional old agriculture to knowledge-based agriculture.However,to a certain extent,it was separated from the actual production in the country.In the early days of the Republic of China,the remaining esthetic scholars returned to China and returned to the United States.The concept of "service for society" was introduced into China.China's agricultural sciences shifted from studying the Japanese model to learning the American model.In the process of absorbing and introducing American agrochemical education theories,models and methods,combined with local realities,China's higher agricultural education has been further improved.In terms of development,the number of agricultural colleges and universities has steadily increased,department building has been gradually improved,teaching content and methods have become more standardized,research work has received attention,and agricultural promotion has become one of the important functions of higher agricultural colleges and universities.Second,taking the agricultural science of Southeast University as a case to clarify the construction context of agricultural discipline system.In the early years of the Republic of China,Zou Bingwen,director of the department of agriculture,decided to study the purpose and concept of running a school by the American Agricultural University and set the principle of running a school of teaching,scientific research and popularization at Southeast University.Under the tenet of thisschool,Dongdaegongdae forms a department-organization and establishment of teaching,scientific research-promotion of the combination of the three paradigms of activity,at the same time through the establishment of training objectives,teaching system,teaching establish institutionalized personnel training The emergence of a system of professional teachers,the implementation of the reporting system,the establishment of agricultural research institutions,the establishment of agricultural academic journals allowed the institutionalization of agricultural scientific research,the establishment of agricultural extension departments,and various forms of promotional activities to ensure Service promotion has become one of the important functions of the university.Third,the characteristics and enlightenment of agricultural discipline training system in modern universities in early Republican China.The characteristics of the system of agricultural discipline training in the early Republican China reflected the development of a three-in-one disciplinary system of "teaching,research and service" based on the United States model.(1)To determine the mission and tasks of agricultural science development of "teaching,research and popularization"(2)To form a personnel training system which is based on the combination of specialization and combination of theory with practice;(3)Establishment of scientific research tasks on practical problems in agricultural development;(4)Definition of the service functions of universities and the promotion of scientific research;The enlightenment to the reform of agricultural education today has the following points :(1)The goal of "Trinity" is the field and direction of the development of agricultural sciences;(2)To cultivate talents with the same qualifications as that of agriculture,is to meet the important requirements of agricultural development;(3)Strengthening field internships,is China's agricultural university can not be ignored teaching links;(4)The actual problem of agricultural development research is the existence and development of agricultural sciences mission;(5)Guide the university to adhere to the "three rural" school,is the Agricultural University Always ask.