| In the hilly area along the Great Wall of Inner Mongolia,due to low water and nutrients retention capacity,drought serious combined with improper field management,the potato yield and economic benefits of potato cultivation are low.Thus effident using the limited Water resources,water gathering measures and strengthening field management to improve the water and heat utilization efficiency of soil tillage and increasing potato yield is becoming for the sustainable agriculture development in these areas.Two experiments of different cropping patterns,Plastic mulching combinated ridge tillage planting for varying durations in a field experiment with two years,five planting treatments,full-film mulching with double ridge planting?A1?,full-film mulching with single ridge planting?A2?,full-film mulching with single ridge micro furrow planting?A3?,full-film with flat planting?A4?and traditional planting?CK?were designed,to study the effects on dry farmland soil enzyme activity and soil water content,soil temperature,pH,potato growth,potato yield and economic benefits,to reveal its ability to improvement of potato growth and soil temperature and moisture,this will provide a theoretical basis and technical support for improving both yield and benefit in these regions.The main results are shown as follows:?1?The soil water content,soil temperature and soil enzyme activity was consisten tly enhanced under full-film mulching.Conversely,full-film mulching reduced soil pH.Full-film mulching with ridge planting treatments of these indicators not only significantly higher than CK,but also significantly higher than full-film with flat planting?A4?.Full-film mulching improved soil water content and soil water storage in 0-40cmsoil layer in a certain degree.Compared to CK,A1?A2?A3 and A4 increased soil water content by 22.47%?16.19%?29.25%and 9.71%;A1?A2?A3 and A4 increased soil temperature of potato field in whole growing stage by 1.74??2.10??1.10?and 0.87?,compared to CK.The soil enzyme activities of catalase,urease and phosphatase activity increased by3.76%-15.97%?22.44%-60.11%and 8.50%-27.97%,reduced the soil pH by0.79%-2.40%in comparison with CK.?2?The influence of full-film mulching on potato physiological characteristics was obvious.Full-film mulching increaesed potato leaf plant analysis development value?SPAD?and root activity repsectively by 3.55%-18.02%and 6.56%-27.11%;reduced proline and malondialdehyde content by 2.75%-8.27%and 4.81%-11.69%,compared with CK.full-film mulching with ridge planting treatments were better than full-film with flat planting.?3?Full-film mulching had significantly promoted potato growth,increaesed potato bud diameter,bud fresh weight,root fresh weight,plant height,stem diameter and crown by 5.38%-42.72%?10.82%-55.99%?4.24%-31.6%?7.95%-32.64%?3.01%-16.93%and6.09%-30.73%respectively compared to CK.Full-film mulching with ridge planting treatments of these indicators not only significantly higher than CK,but also significantly higher than full-film with flat planting,with A1 and A3 treatments were better than others.?4?Full-film mulching affect different size tuber proportion,blet tuber rate and green tuber rate were significantly decreased 14.40%-71.47%and 10.73%-27.09%;reduced the proportion of small tuber 22.60%-51.30%;increased potato fresh tuber yield by 21.70%-52.85%;increased tuber dry matter and starch content,there was no significant effect difference for starch content compared with CK.?5?The full-film mulching a with ridge planting promoted potato growth,increased tuber yield,rainfall utilization rate,partial factor productivity and the economic benefit of potato.Full-film mulching rainfall utilization rate was increased by 21.70%-52.85%;partial factor productivity and the economic benefit were increased by 33.78-51.64 kg·kg-1 and 1678.74-5554.92 yuan compared to CK respectively.Full-film mulching with ridge planting treatments were better than A4,with A1 and A3 treatments were better than others.?6?Comprehensive analysis,significant improvement was observed the optimal effect of A1 and A3 treatments,which could be chose as a water saving cultivation practice,to increase crop yield,economic benefitand to improve soil quality in dryland region of the Great Wall along the hilly region of Inner Mongolia. |
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