Contribution Of Management Factors To The Gaps Of Yield And Resource Use Efficiency Of Spring Maize And Regulating Pathway

The quantitative contribution of the main management factors to the yield,and to clarify its priority and regulation pathway,have important guiding significance to explore the way of synergistic contraction of yield and efficiency.In this study,the contribution of main management factors to yield was quantitatively analyzed through farmers’investigation,literature review and field factor replacement test.The main management factors and regulation pathway were clarified.At the same time,it puts forward the technical optimization ways of farmers’level to high yield,high efficiency and super high yield and high efficiency.The main results are as follows:(1)The results of farmers’survey showed that there were 5 main technical limiting factors affecting the increase of spring maize yield,which were the adaptability of the varieties,planting density,soil tillage,nutrient management and disease control.(2)The priority of the contribution of 5 major cultivation measures to yield is:planting density,nutrient management,disease control(facultative control),soil tillage,and varieties,and the contribution rates to yield are 15.9%、10.0%、6.5%、5.5%、and 4.1%,respectively.The priority of PFP_N contribution was planting density,nutrient management,disease control(facultative control),soil tillage,and variety,and the contribution rates were 16.7%、4.1%、4.0%、3.4%and 1.9%respectively.The priority of RUE contribution was planting density,variety,disease control(facultative control),nutrient management,soil tillage,and the contribution rates were23.2%、18.5%、3.6%、3.4%、0.9%。(3)Different measure factors have different effects on the yield and performance of maize"source"and"storehouse".Planting density is mainly influenced by the influence of MLAI and EN;nutrient management and soil cultivation are mainly affected by MLAI and GN;prevention(facultative control)measures mainly affect yield by affecting MLAI and GW;the variety measures are mainly influenced by the influence of MNAR and GN on yield.In terms of resource efficiency,planting density,nutrient management,farming methods and disease control(facultative control)increased light and nitrogen utilization efficiency by increasing the intercepting rate of light nitrogen resources,while the varieties increased the efficiency of light nitrogen use by increasing the efficiency of light nitrogen conversion.(4)By optimizing the two measures of density and nutrient management,the high yield and high efficiency target can be achieved by 15%increase and more than20%.In order to achieve the production and resource efficiency and improve the super high production and high efficiency targets above 30%-50%,we need to optimize at least 3 factors,including the density and nutrient management,even all 5factors can be realized.On the basis of optimizing the population,increasing the biomass and the intercepting rate of light nitrogen resources to increase the yield and the utilization efficiency of light nitrogen,on the basis of this,it is an important direction to improve the transport of dry matter and the efficiency of light nitrogen conversion.