Study Of Best Nutrient Management Techniques For Spring Maize High Yield And Effective In Northeast China

Northeast China is one of the major corn production regions in China. In recent years, unreasonable fertilizer application results a series of problem: excessive fertilizer application results in lower use efficiency of nurient resource and higher risk of environmental pollution. However, although lower fertilizer application increases use efficiency of nurient resource, it can not realize high-yield of maize. Therefore, with the cultivation technology of high-yield, it is necessary to look for a nutrient management measures to realize maize high-yield and the high efficient use of nutrient resources. This article chooses four test points—Lishu county of Jilin province, Shenyang city of Liaoning province, Hegang city of Heilongjiang province and Tongliao city of Inner Mongolia autonomous region—by two years ( 2009 - 2010 ), studies the performance of different cultivation technology and nutrient management measures in yield, AE and PFP of fertilizer (NPK), and analyzes the influence of the best nutrient management measures on the accumulation of aboveground dry matter, absorption rules of nutrients and distribution & accumulation principle of nitrogen element.1.With generalized analysis, experimental data of four test points suggest that the yield of high production and high effective processing (N: 195-300 kg/hm~2, P2O5:67-150 kg/hm~2, K2O:45-105kg/hm~2) is between 9613-14877 kg/hm~2, increase rate of maize reaches 6.7-31.2% comparing with common regional practice, which of the brown soil in Shenyang city and aeolian sandy soil in Tongliao city is 31.2% and 13.7% individually and achives antipicated goal of increasing rate by 10-20% comparing to fanner common treatment; simultaneously, AE of alluvial soil in Lishu county and brown soil in Shenyang city (4.2kg/kg and 6.0kg/kg) is higher 2.7kg/kg and 4.7kg/kg than common regional practice, PFP (28.5kg/kg and 21.8kg/kg) is higher 5.9kg/kg and 3.6kg/kg than farmer common treatment. Fertilizer amounts of higher production processing is huge (N: 240-440 kg/hm~2 , P2O5: 97.5-150 kg/hm. K2O: 75-247kg/hm~2), the yield is between 10588-15587kg/hm~2, the yield and increasing rate of which is higher than former processing, but AE and PFP of aeolian sandy soil in Tongliao city is lower 3.0kg/kg and 14.9kg/kg than former processing.2.Suitable density of maize high production and high effective processing in alluvial soil in Lishu county, brown soil in Shenyang city and aeolian sandy soil in Tongliao city is 65000-80000/hectare; organic fertilizer is 22.5-30t/hm2, ZnSO4 7H2O is 15kg/hm~2 with deep plowing and deep fertilizing.3.2 years test results indicates that the NO3-N residual quantity in 0-100cm soil in alluvial soil in Lishu county is 186.3kg/hm~2 in environmental safety scope with high production and high effective processing; the highest NO3-N residual quantity is 207.6kg/hm~2 with higher production processing, which results in potential risk to environment easily. In aeolian sandy soil in Tongliao, NO3-N residual quantity with high production and high effective processing is 147.8kg/hm~2 in environmental safety scope but which with higher production processing is 269.3kg/hm~2 causing the pollution easily to the environment.