The Diversity Of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Communities Associated With Betula Albosinensis Burkill And Larix Gmelinii In The Qinling Mountains

Betula albosinensis and Larix gmelinii are typical ectomycorrhizal species.B.albosinensis has a well-developed root system,stable growth,and resistance to pests and diseases.It can grow in infertile soils and is often the pioneer forest in secondary restoration succession.It is widely distributed in the Qinling Mountains.Altitude area.Larix gmelinii has fast growth,low temperature resistance,good soil and water conservation,and high quality wood.It is the main tree species planted in northern China and is widely distributed in the middle and low altitude regions of the Qinling Mountains.In this study,field investigation combined with identification methods of morphology and molecular biology to identify ectomycorrhizal fungi of B.albosinensis and Larix gmeliniiin Xinjiashan forest region of Qinling Mountains.To explore the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi and their ecological distribution rules,Analysis of the effect of ectomycorrhiza on rhizosphere soil,and the relationshipbetween the chemical properties of rhizosphere soil and ectomycorrhizal infection rate.The interrelationships provide reference for the selection of good strains and their application in afforestation under different environmental conditions.1?There were 33 taxa of ectomycorrhizal fungi of B.albosinensis under 6 orders of 9 genera of 8 families.They wereTomentella?Inocybe?Russula?Clavulina?Laccaria?Hygrophorus?Sebacina?Piloderma.Tomentella was dominant;Russula 1,Russula 5,Sebacina cystidiata,Tomentella 1 were common,and 28 taxa were rare.There were 31 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi of Larix gmelinii,belonging to 2 classes,4 orders,11 families and 11 genera.They were Tomentella,Inocybe,Russula,Amphinema,Laccaria,Sebacina,Amanita,Boletus,Cortinarius,Lactarius,Scleroderma.Inocybe was dominant;Inocybe 3?Inocybe geophylla?Laccariasp.?Amphinema byssoides?Inocybe 2?Inocybe 4 were common,and 25 taxa were rare.2?The diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi affected by forest age.Richness index,Simpson index,Shannon index and Pielou evenness index of ectomycorrhizal fungi in young B.albosinensis population were 23,0.92,2.79 and 0.89,respectively;In stable-aged population richness index,Simpson index,Shannon index and Pielou evenness index were 19,0.90,2.46 and 0.85,respectively.The diversityectomycorrhizal fungiin young B.albosinensis population were higher than those in stable-aged population.The diversityof ectomycorrhizal fungi affected by theaspect.Richness index,Simpson index,Shannon index and Pielou evenness index of ectomycorrhizal fungi of Larix gmelinii in sunny slope were 17,0.66,3.46,0.20 and 0.19,respectively.Richness index,Simpson index,Shannon index and Pielou evenness index of ectomycorrhizal fungi of Larix gmelinii in shady slope were 14,0.59,3.24,0.24 and 0.14,respectively.The diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in sunny slope was higher than that in shady slope.3?Ectomycorrhizal fungi could significantlyreduce the pH of mycorrhizosphere soil,and increase the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,rapidly available phosphorus,rapidly available potassium,solublecalcium and soluble magnesium of mycorrhizosphere soil.Rapidly available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium increased significantly.4?The ectomycorrhiza infection rate of Betula albosinensiswas significantly negatively correlated with soil pH,and was in extremely significant negative correlation with rapidly available phosphorus,while the infection rate wassignificantly positively correlated with organic matter content,and was in extremely significant positive correlation withrapidly available potassium.The ectomycorrhiza infection rate of Larix gmelinii was significantly positivelycorrelated with soil pH,and wasin extremely significant positive correlation withrapidly available potassium;while the infection rate was significantly negativelycorrelated with total nitrogen content and available phosphorus content.